Kontekstualisasi Larangan Talak Ketika Istri Sedang Haid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.1.171.62-69Keywords:
ikrar talak, istri haid, pengadilan agama, iddah, illat hukumAbstract
Menurut hukum Islam tradisional dalam kitab-kitab fikih, pengucapan talak kepada istri yang sedang haid adalah bertentangan dengan syari’ah (bid’i), perbuatan tersebut dilarang dan dianggap berdosa. Larangan yang demikian didasarkan pada kasus Abdullah bin Umar yang menceraikan istrinya pada saat istrinya sedang haid, sebagaimana diriwayatkan dalam hadis. Hakimhakim pengadilan agama sering menghadapi masalah dalam memenuhi ketentuan larangan tersebut. Mereka akan menunda ikrar talak ketika istri sedang haid, kecuali pihak suami meminta hakim untuk tetap melanjutkan, dan pihak istri sepakat. Artikel ini membahas kontektualisasi larangan tersebut dalam praktik hukum perceraian di pengadilan agama saat ini. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual, penulis menemukan bahwa illat hukum larangan tersebut adalah untuk menghindari kesewenangan suami dalam menceraikan istrinya, dan illat hukum yang demikian tidak dapat ditemukan dalam praktik hukum perceraian di pengadilan agama saat ini.
[According to traditional Islamic law in fiqh books, declaring talak to a wife who has her period or menstruation is not permitted and, if it happens, is considered bid’i talak and is viewed as a sin. This prohibition is based on a hadith in the case of Abdullah ibn Umar who divorced his wife when she got her period. The judges of the religious courts usually face several obstacles to obey that rule. They will postpone talak declaration when the wife is in her period, except that the husband side asks the judges to proceed, and the wife agrees. This article discusses the contextualization of the prohibition in the current legal practice of divorce in religious courts. Using contextual approach, the author finds that a legal aspect for this prohibition is to avoid the husband’s arbitrariness in divorcing his wife, and this consideration cannot be found at the legal practice of divorce at religious courts currently.]
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