From Policy to Empowerment: The Dynamics of the Implementation of the RodanyaMasbagia Program in Magelang City

Authors

  • Rachmad Kristiono Dwi susilo University of Muhammadiyah Malang Author
  • Rusdianto Umar State University of Malang image/svg+xml Author
  • Agung Wibowo The Research Center for Atlantic and International History (CRHIA UR 1163, La Rochelle University – Nantes University) Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14421/jpm.2026.101-01

Keywords:

public policy, community empowerment, communication, resource, disposition, bureaucratic structure.

Abstract

Community empowerment has become a key agenda in local governance, yet its effectiveness depends on institutional capacity and stakeholder collaboration. This study examines the implementation of the RodanyaMasbagia Community Empowerment Program, one of the twelve flagship programs of the Magelang City Government, Central Java, Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through document analysis, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings show that the program has provided both physical and non-physical assistance and has been continuously improved over three years of implementation. However, its effectiveness remains constrained by institutional challenges. Based on George C. Edwards III's policy implementation framework, communication and disposition emerge as the main barriers. Frequent policy changes and procurement adjustments have disrupted communication, while unequal incentives have weakened stakeholders' commitment. In addition, disparities in knowledge and technical capacity, along with fragmented coordination among local institutions, have limited effective policy implementation. The study concludes that community empowerment requires not only program implementation but also adaptive governance, stronger institutional coordination, and capacity development to achieve sustainable outcomes.

References

Agustino, L. (2020). Dasar-Dasar Kebijakan Publik. Alfabeta.

Atisa, G., Zemrani, A., & Weiss, M. (2021). Decentralized governments: Local empowerment and sustainable development challenges in Africa. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23, 3349–3367.

Birkland, T. A. (2019). An Introduction to the Policy Process Theories, Concepts, and Models of Public Policy Making (5th Editio). Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351023948

Buckwalter, N. D. (2014). Public Administration Review—2014—Buckwalter—The Potential for Public Empowerment through Government‐Organized.pdf. Public Administration Review, 74(5), 12.

Chaudhuri, A. (2016). Understanding ‘ Empowerment .’ https://doi.org/10.1177/2455133315612298

Dalimoenthe, I. (2022). Pengantar Ilmu Pembangunan. PT Bumi Aksara.

Dwiyanto, A. (2022). Teori Administrasi Publik dan Penerapannya di Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press.

Flick, U. (2018). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Collection. Sage Publication, Inc.

Gelders, D., Bouckaert, G., & Ruler, B. Van. (2007). Communication management in the public sector: Consequences for public communication about policy intentions. 24, 326–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2006.06.009

Grindle, M. S. (1980). Politics and Policy Implementation in the Third World. Princeton University Press.

Haddad, C. R., Naki, V., Bergek, A., & Hellsmark, H. (2022). Transformative innovation policy: A systematic review. 43, 14–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2022.03.002

Hartley, K., Kuecker, G., Woo, J. J., Haddad, C. R., Naki, V., Bergek, A., Hellsmark, H., Hasdiansyah, A., Howlett, M., Jönsson, J. H., Perkotaan, M. D. I., Lee, M., Koh, J., Lune, H., Malkab, M., Nawawi, J., Mahmud, A., Sujiono, E. H., Mclaughlin, M. W., … Whitford, A. B. (2015). No Title. 26(5), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12217.This

Hasdiansyah, A., & Suryono, Y. (2021). Empowerment of farmers: The role of actor and the persistence of coffee farmers in rural pattongko, indonesia. The Qualitative Report, 26(12), 3805–3822.

Hill, M., & Hupe, P. (2002). Implementing public policy: Governance in Theory and in Practice. Sage Publication.

Horn, C. E. V. A. N. (1974). The Policy Implementa Tion Process. 451.

Howlett, M. (2019). Moving policy implementation theory forward: A multiple streams / critical juncture approach. https://doi.org/10.1177/0952076718775791

Indiahono, D. (2009). Kebijakan publik berbasis dynamic policy analysis. Yogyakarta: Gava Media.

Joko, W. (2018). Analisis Kebijakan Publik: Konsep dan Aplikasi Analisis Proses Kebijakan Publik. Media Nusa Creative.

Jones, C. O. (1996). Pengantar Kebijakan Publik (Public Policy). PT RajaGrafindo Persada.

Jönsson, J. H. (2010). Beyond empowerment: Changing local communities. International Social Work, 53(3), 393–406.

Lapan, S. D., Quartaroli, M. T., & Riemer, F. J. (2011). Qualitative research: An introduction to methods and designs. John Wiley & Sons.

Lee, M., & Koh, J. (2010). The International Journal of Human Resource Management Is empowerment really a new concept ? (July 2014), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/713769649

Lune, H., & Berg, B. L. (2017). Qualitative Research Methods for The Social Sciences (9th ed.). Pearson.

Malkab, M., Nawawi, J., Mahmud, A., & Sujiono, E. H. (2015). The Implementer Disposition of Teacher Certification Policy in Indonesia. 8(5), 54–61. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n5p54

Mardikanto, T., & Soebiato, P. (2012). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Perspektif Kebijakan Publik (1st ed.). Alfabeta.

McConnell, A. (2010). Policy success, policy failure and grey areas in-between. Journal of Public Policy, 30(3), 345–362.

McLaughlin, M. W. (1987). Learning from experience: Lessons from policy implementation. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 9(2), 171–178.

Mthethwa, R. M. (2012). Critical dimensions for policy implementation. African Journal of Public Affairs, 2, 36–47.

Murphy. John W. (2014). International Perspectives on Social Policy , Administration , and Practice. Springer Science and Business Media. LLC.

Nugroho, R. (2014). Metode Penelitian Kebijakan. Pustaka Pelajar.

Nugroho, R. (2015a). Kebijakan Publik di Negara-Negara Berkembang (2nd ed.). Pustaka Pelajar.

Nugroho, R. (2015b). Kebijakan Publik di Negara-Negara Berkembang. Pustaka Pelajar.

Octifanny, Y., & Norvyani, D. A. (2021). A review of urban kampung development: The perspective of livelihoods and space in two urban kampungs in pontianak, Indonesia. Habitat International, 107, 102295.

Perkins, D. D., & Zimmerman, M. A. (1995). Empowerment theory, research, and application. American Journal of Community Psychology, 23, 569–579.

Pigg, K. E. (n.d.). Journal of the Community Three Faces of Empowerment: Expanding the Theory of Empowerment in Community Development. (August 2014), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/15575330209490145

Purwanto, E., & Sulistyastuti, D. (2015). Implementasi Kebijakan Publik Konsep dan Aplikasinya di Indonesia. Penerbit Gava Media.

Rappaport, J. (1981). In praise of paradox: A social policy of empowerment over prevention. American Journal of Community Psychology, 9(1), 1–25.

Rocha, E. M. (1997). A ladder of empowerment. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 17(1), 31–44.

Sadan, E. (2004). Empowerment and community planning. Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishers.

Scheyvens, R., & van der Watt, H. (2021). Tourism, empowerment and sustainable development: A new framework for analysis. Sustainability, 13(22), 12606. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212606

Soetomo. (2018). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mungkinkah Muncul Antitesisnya? Pustaka Pelajar.

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Evaluasi: Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan Kombinasi. Alfabeta.

Tahir, A. (2020). Kebijakan Publik dan Transparansi Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah Daerah. Alfabeta.

Tauran, T., & Latip, A. R. A. L. (2025). A Place-Based Approach to Urban Policy: Reflections from the Prodamas Program in Kediri, Indonesia. The Journal of Society and Media, 9(1), 320–341. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v9n1.p320-341

Wirutomo, P. (2022). Imajinasi Sosiologi: Pembangunan Sosietal. Penerbit Buku Kompas.

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th Editio). Sage Publication, Inc.

Published

11-07-2026