The Influence of Leadership, Work Environment, and Compensation on Employee Loyalty in Islamic Banking in Brebes and Tegal

2025-10-23T12:23:43+07:00

Purpose: This study analyzes the influence of leadership, work environment, and compensation on employee loyalty in Islamic banks in the Brebes and Tegal regions.

Design/methodology/approach: The research used a quantitative survey approach with purposive sampling involving 40 employees of Islamic banks. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS software.

Findings: The results indicate that work environment and compensation have a positive and significant effect on employee loyalty, while leadership does not significantly influence loyalty. These findings highlight that non-financial and financial factors play a more substantial role in fostering employee loyalty compared to leadership in the studied context.

Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This research contributes to the literature on human resource management by emphasizing the importance of compensation and work environment in Islamic banking institutions. It also adds new empirical evidence showing that leadership may not always directly affect employee loyalty, particularly when organizational systems and compensation structures serve as substitutes for leadership roles.

Research limitation and implication: The study is limited to Islamic banks in Brebes and Tegal with a relatively small sample size, reducing its generalizability. Future research should expand to broader regions, employ qualitative or mixed methods, and include additional variables such as organizational culture, job satisfaction, and motivation. Practically, the findings suggest that Islamic banks should prioritize improving compensation systems and work environments, while also enhancing leadership styles to strengthen employee loyalty.

Maqashid Shariah as a Performance Measure in Islamic Banks: An Empirical Study of Financial Indicators in Indonesia

2025-09-24T14:49:31+07:00

ABSTRACT

Purpose : This study aims to analyze the effect of Return on Assets (ROA), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Temporary Syirkah Funds (TSF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), and Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO) on Maqashid Shariah performance in Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) in Indonesia during 2014–2024.

Design/methodology/approach: The study employs a quantitative approach with panel data regression. The sample consists of six Islamic Commercial Banks selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 66 observations over eleven years. The Maqashid Shariah Index (MSI) is measured using Abu Zahrah’s framework modified by Mohammed et al. (2008), which covers the dimensions of education, justice, and welfare.

Findings: The results indicate that ROA, NPF, and TSF significantly and positively affect Maqashid Shariah performance. In contrast, CAR, FDR, and BOPO show no significant influence. These findings highlight that profitability, community participation through syirkah funds, and even the management of problematic financing can strengthen the ethical and social objectives of Islamic banking.

Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study contributes by integrating financial indicators with maqashid shariah, showing that Islamic bank performance cannot be fully captured by conventional profitability measures. It provides new insights into the paradoxical role of NPF in reinforcing sharia-oriented outcomes.

Research limitation and implication: The study is limited to financial indicators and a ten-year sample of six banks, without considering non-financial dimensions such as CSR, ESG, or qualitative aspects of maqashid. Future research should integrate both financial and non-financial measures to obtain a more holistic evaluation.

Keywords: Maqashid Shariah, Islamic banking, ROA, NPF, Temporary Syirkah Funds, CAR, FDR, BOPO, financial performance, panel data, Indonesia

JEL Classification: G21, G32, Z12

Journal of Islamic Banking: Student Insight

The Influence of Leadership, Work Environment, and Compensation on Employee Loyalty in Islamic Banking in Brebes and Tegal

Maqashid Shariah as a Performance Measure in Islamic Banks: An Empirical Study of Financial Indicators in Indonesia