Feminisasi Kemiskinan: Studi Tentang Pengemis Perempuan pada Masyarakat Matrilineal Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2018.172.165-182Keywords:
Feminisme, feminisasi kemiskinan, sistem sosial, kultur, patriarkiAbstract
Tulisan ini mencoba menjelaskan fenomena keterpinggiran kaum perempuan Minangkabu di Sumatera Barat. Beberapa konsep teoritik feminis digunakan untuk menganalisis bagaimana konstruksi sistem sosial masyarakat memposisikan perempuan dalam realitas kehidupannya. Lalu, membaca posisi ketertindasan perempuan dalam kemiskinannya atau kemiskinan perempuan dalam ketertindasannya. Pembahasan ini menjadi penting disebabkan fakta menunjukkan betapa banyak kaum perempuan Minang berjuang melawan kemiskinan yang sering terlihat melawan kodratnya. Pada posisi ini, pembahasan ini diharapkan dapat membuka pemahman atas dominasi perempuan dalam kultur Minangkabau, Sumatera Barat. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptiffenomenologis, sebagai usaha ekplorasi dan klarifikasi yang kemudian menjelaskan fenomana pemiskinan kaum perempuan sebagai realitas sosial. Belenggu kemiskinan perempuan dalam studi ini dilatari oleh dua hal yaitu ketidakberdayaannya dalam melawan kultur yang bersifat paternalistik dan hambatannya dalam menemukan akses ekonomi yang lebih baik untuk kehidupan yang lebih bermartabat.
[This article explains the phenomenon of marginalization on Minangkabau women in West Sumatra. The author uses some feminist theoretical concepts to analyze how social construction puts women in their reality of life. Then, to read the position of women oppression in their poverty, or women’s poverty in their oppression. This research is important because the facts show that many Minangkabau women struggle against poverty which often seems to be against their nature. In this position, this research is expected to reveal the understanding of women’s dominance in Minangkabau culture, West Sumatra. This research uses a descriptive-phenomenological approach as an exploration and clarification effort, then explains the phenomenon of women’s impoverishment as a social reality. The poverty shackles of women in this research are based on two things, namely their inadequacy against the paternalistic culture and its obstacles to find better economic access for a more dignified life.]
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