Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga: Faktor Penyebab Dan Upaya Pencegahannya Berdasarkan Perspektif Sistem Ekologi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2024.232.184-197Keywords:
Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, Faktor Penyebab, Upaya PencegahanAbstract
Abstrak
Keberagaman yang ada di dalam keluarga menjadi sebuah tantangan tersendiri bagi perempuan atau istri sebagai salah satu kelompok yang rentan mengalami kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Perilaku kekerasan tersebut terjadi bukan hanya disebabkan karena faktor individu saja, melainkan juga lingkungan yang lebih luas lagi. Melalui artikel ini, penulis bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian berkaitan dengan faktor penyebab kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dan upaya pencegahan berdasarkan perspektif sistem ekologi. Metode penelitian pada artikel ini menggunakan studi literatur dengan menerapkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi pada berbagai artikel dalam jurnal ilmiah bereputasi nasional dan internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai konteks lingkungan dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya perilaku kekerasan pada istri dalam rumah tangga. Pada konteks ini, lingkungan dikategorikan menjadi microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, dan chronosystem. Selain faktor lingkungan, individu juga memiliki pengaruh dalam proses interaksi dengan berbagai lingkungan tersebut yang menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Dengan berlandaskan faktor penyebab, upaya pencegahan juga dapat dilakukan selaras dengan program pusat pelayanan terpadu pemberdayaan perempuan dan anak yang telah dilaksanakan sebelumnya di Indonesia. Sehingga, kekurangan yang ada dalam pelaksanaan layanan dapat direspon khususnya dengan menggunakan perspektif sistem ekologi. Dengan demikian, kasus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga juga diharapkan dapat diminimalisir.
Kata Kunci: Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, Faktor Penyebab, Upaya Pencegahan, Perspektif Sistem Ekologi.
[The diversity that exists in the family is a challenge for women or wife as one of the groups who are vulnerable to experiencing domestic violence. This violent behavior occurs not only due to individual factors, but also the wider environment. Through this article, the author aims to conduct a study related to the factors causing domestic violence and prevention efforts based on the perspective of the ecological system. The research method in this article uses a literature study by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to various articles in national and international reputable scientific journals. The results show that various environmental contexts can influence the occurrence of domestic violence. In this context, the environment is categorized into microsystems, mesosystems, exosystems, macrosystems, and chronosystems. In addition to environmental factors, individuals also have an influence in the process of interaction with these various environments which are risk factors for domestic violence. Based on the causal factors, prevention efforts can also be carried out in line with the integrated service center program for empowering women and children that has been implemented previously in Indonesia. Thus, the shortcomings that exist in the implementation of services can be addressed, especially by using an ecological system perspective. Thus, cases of domestic violence are also expected to be minimized.]
Keywords: Domestic Violence, Causative Factors, Prevention Efforts, Ecological System Perspective.
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