Viktimisasi Terhadap Transpuan Sebagai Kelompok Marginal

Authors

  • Candra Vira Faradillah Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Muhammad Aswar Basri Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Endang Sari Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Ana Purwanto Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Achmad Ibrahim Wijaya Universitas Gadjah Mada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2024.223.85-98

Keywords:

Diskriminasi, Transpuan, Marginal, Viktimisasi, Viktimologi Kritis, Heteronormatif

Abstract

Dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat saat ini, harapan untuk berperilaku heteronormatif cukup dominan, sehingga menyulitkan kehidupan komunitas transpuan. Diskriminasi dan stigmatisasi menempatkan transpuan dalam kelompok rentan sehingga mereka juga turut berpotensi menjadi korban kekerasan maupun kejahatan lainnya. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi bentuk-bentuk viktimisasi terhadap kelompok transpuan sebagai kaum marginal serta bagaimana upaya perlindungan terhadap kelompok transpuan ditinjau dari teori viktimologi kritis.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah normatif-empiris. Data primer yang digunakan adalah informasi dan keterangan dari wawancara yang dilakukan terhadap responden transpuan di beberapa kota, yaitu Yogyakarta (Kabupaten Sleman dan Kabupaten Bantul), Kota Semarang, Kabupaten Baturaja, dan Kota Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa bentuk viktimisasi terhadap transpuan di antaranya kekerasan fisik dan verbal, kekerasan seksual, viktimisasi properti dan diskriminasi oleh Negara dan masyarakat  serta reviktimisasi sosial. Upaya perlindungan  seharusnya komprehensif dari berbagai sektor baik ekonomi, sosial, budaya, agama  dan hukum.

[In today's society, the expectation of heteronormative behavior is quite dominant, making it   difficult for the transgender community to live. Discrimination and stigmatization place transwomen in a vulnerable group so that they have  also potential  to become victims of violence and other crimes. This research aims to analyze what are the forms of victimization of transgender people as marginalized people and  how are the efforts to protect transgender people in terms of critical victimology theory. The research method used is normative-empirical research. The primary data used is information from interviews conducted with transgender respondents in several cities, namely Yogyakarta (Sleman Regency and Bantul Regency), Semarang City, Baturaja Regency, and Makassar City. The results showed that there were several forms of victimization against transgender including physical and verbal violence, sexual violence, property victimization and discrimination of Nation and society and social revictimization. The efforts of  protection  should be comprehensive, from various sectors including economic, social, culture, religion  and law.]

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Peraturan

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia (KPI) Nomor 23/K/KPI/02/2016

Peraturan Jaksa Agung Republik IndonesiaNomor PER-048 /A/JA/12/2011 TentangPengadaan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia

Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2014 tentang Kesehatan Jiwa dan Pedoman Penggolongan Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa (PPDGJ)-III

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Published

2024-06-28

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