Dinamika Perjuangan Kesetaraan Gender Masyarakat Urban (Memahami Gerakan Sosial International Women’s Day Di Kota Semarang)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2024.223.23-38Keywords:
Gerakan Sosial, International Women’s Day, Kesetaraan Gender, Gender in DevelopmentAbstract
Ketidaksetaraan dan ketidakadilan gender melahirkan gerakan sosial yang berfokus pada isu-isu pengarusutamaan gender. Salah satu gerakan sosial berbasis gender dikenal dengan International Women’s Day. Belum tercapainya kesetaraan gender di Indonesia menyebabkan pentingnya kajian yang menjelaskan tentang tahapan gerakan sosial International Women’s Day, sehingga dapat diketahui penyebab belum tercapainya tujuan gerakan di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan menjelaskan tahapan gerakan sosial dan pola gerakan sosial International Women’s Day Semarang sebagai pelaku Gerakan Sosial Baru (GSB). Terdapat dua penyebab yang membuat IWD Semarang belum mencapai tujuan. Pertama, belum adanya organisasi yang tersentral yang menjadi pedoman aktivitasnya. Kedua, kegagalan gerakan dalam menentukan tujuan dari gerakan, sehingga aksi-aksi yang dilakukan hanya bersifat seremonial. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, kajian ini menekankan pentingnya kelembagaan gerakan sosial dengan melakukan kerjasama dengan para aktor gerakan sosial, terutama dalam penyusunan rencana kerja, jangka pendek, menengah dan rencana jangka panjang gerakan. Peran pemerintah diperlukan terutama pada fasilitasi terkait dengan penguatan aktivitas advokasi kesetaraan gender.
[Gender inequality has given rise to social movements that focus on solving gender problems. One of the gender-based social movements is International Women's Day. The lack of gender equality in Indonesia has led to the importance of studies that explain the stages of the International Women's Day social movement, so that we can find out the reasons why the movement's goals in Indonesia have not been achieved. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by explaining the stages of social movements and social movement patterns of International Women's Day Semarang as actors in the New Social Movement (GSB). There are two reasons why IWD Semarang has not achieved its goals. First, there is no centralized organization to guide its activities. Second, the movement's failure to determine the goals of the movement, so that the actions carried out were only ceremonial. Based on these findings, this study emphasizes the importance of social movement institutions by collaborating with social movement actors, especially in preparing work plans, short, medium and long-term movement plans. The government's role is needed, especially in facilitation related to strengthening gender equality advocacy activities.]
Downloads
References
Clayton, Dewey M., (2018) ‘Black Lives Matter and the Civil Rights Movement: A Comparative Analysis of Two Social Movements in the United States’, Journal of Black Studies, vol. 49, no. 5, hal. 448–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934718764099
Edwards, Louise (2016). ‘International Women’s Day in China: Feminism Meets Militarised Nationalism and Competing Political Party Programs’, Asian Studies Review, vol. 40, no. 1, Taylor & Francis, hal. 89–105.
Fauzi, Aziz, Andayani Andayani & Muhammad Rohmadi (2021). ‘Measuring the Use of Politeness in Language on the Demonstration Poster International Women’s Day 2020 (Pragmatic Studies)’, International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, vol. 8, no. 6, hal. 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i6.2649
Febriani, Luna. "Mobilisasi Sumberdaya dalam Gerakan Literasi." Society, vol. 5, no. 1, 2017, hal. 59-67, https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v5i1.20.
Felmlee DH, Blanford JI, Matthews SA, & MacEachren AM (2020) The geography of sentiment towards the Women’s March of 2017. PLoS ONE 15(6): e0233994. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233994
Freeman, Jo (1999). ‘On the origins of social movements’, dalam Wave of Protest: Social movements since the sixties. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Fuadi, Abdulloh & Tasmin Tasmin (2018). ‘Gerakan Sosial Baru di Ruang Publik Virtual’, Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama, vol. 1, no. 1, hal. 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/hanifiya.v1i1.4261
Greene, Robert W. dan J. Shepard (2003), ‘Sociology and you’, Ohio: Glencoe Mc Graw-Hill.
Hwang, S., & Wu, W. (2019). Social capital and feminist power: promoting gender mainstreaming in Taiwan. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 21, 724 - 745. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2019.1606724.
Jurdi, H., & Ourahmoune, N. (2021). ‘Revolution is a woman’ - the feminisation of the Arab spring. Journal of Marketing Management, 37, 360 - 363. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2021.1880162.
Khan, Naushad & Hassan, Absar Ul and Fahad, Shah and Faisal, Shah and Naushad, Mahnoor (2020). Analysis of Women March Day in the World and Its Impact on Women Culture in Pakistan http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3551488
Krutílková, H. (2021). International Women’s Day and its role in the consolidation of the female socialist worker’s movement in Moravia before 1914. UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. No. 2 (19), Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, hal. 77–99.
Larasati, Ira & Pudji Astuti (2019). ‘Gerakan Aliansi Laki-Laki Baru: membongkar konstruksi maskulinitas untuk mewujudkan keadilan gender’, Journal of Politic and Government Studies, vol. 8, no. 02, hal. 211–20.
Lexy, J. Moleong (2002) Metodologi penelitian kualitatif, Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Locher, David A. (2002), Collective behavior, NJ: Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River.
Macionis, John J (2018). Sociology.(Global Edition), Edisi ke 16. UK: Pearson.
Manulu, Dimpos (2016), ‘Gerakan Sosial Dan Perubahan Kebijakan Publik Kasus Perlawanan Masyarakat Batak vs PT. Inti Indorayon Utama, Di Porsea, Sumatera Utara’, Populasi, vol. 18, no. 1.
McAdam, Doug & Sidney Tarrow (2018), The political context of social movements. The Wiley Blackwell companion to social movements, Wiley Online Library, hal. 17–42.
Miles, Matthew B. & A. Michael Huberman (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook, Sage Publication.
Miller, Frederick D (1999). ‘The end of SDS and the emergence of weatherman: Demise through success’, dalam Waves of protest: Social movements since the Sixties, Rowman & Littlefield Publisher, hal. 303–24.
Oliveira, M., Areosa, S., & Tirelli, C. (2021). Movimento de Mulheres No Rs e Suapaticipacao Na Formacao da Agenda Governamental, 14. https://doi.org/10.32813/2179-1120.2021.V14.N1.A665.
Pamela Moss & Avril Maddrell (2017). Emergent and divergent spaces in the Women’s March: the challenges of intersectionality and inclusion. Gender, Place & Culture, 24:5, 613-620, https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2017.1351509
Perez, Olivia Cristina, Joana Tereza Vaz de Moura, & Caroline Bandeira de Brito Melo (2023). ‘Protests for Women’s Rights and against the Bolsonaro Administration’, Latin American Perspectives, Los Angeles: Sage Publication.
Pichardo, Nelson A (1997). ‘New social movements: A critical review’, Annual review of sociology, vol. 23, no. 1, Annual Reviews 4139 El Camino Way, Palo Alto, CA 94303-0139, USA, hal. 411–30.
Piven, Frances Fox & Richard Cloward (2012). Poor people’s movements: Why they succeed, how they fail, New York: Vintage.
Prasisko, Yongky Gigih (2016). ‘Gerakan Sosial Baru Indonesia: reformasi 1998 dan proses demokratisasi indonesia’, Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi, vol. 3, no. 2, hal. 9–16. https://doi.org/10.22146/jps.v3i2.23532
Rademacher, H. (2020). Transnational social movement organizations and gender mainstreaming bureaucracies: an event history analysis, 1981-1998. International Journal of Sociology, 50, 445 - 472. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2020.1812259.
Reger, J. (2018). Gender in Movements. Hal. 537-547. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76333-0_39.
Ruthchild, Rochelle Goldberg, ‘From West to East: International Women’s Day, the First Decade’, Aspasia, vol. 6, no. 1, Berghahn Journals, hal. 1–24. https://doi.org/:10.3167/asp.2012.060102
Sakina, Ade Irma (2017). ‘Menyoroti budaya patriarki di Indonesia’, Share: Social Work Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, hal. 71–80. https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v7i1.13820
Sari, M., Jatiningsih (2018). Green and Clean as Issue on Women's Movement in Surabaya. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2018) https://doi.org/10.2991/ICSS-18.2018.47.
Singh, Rajendra (2010). ‘Gerakan Sosial Baru’, Yogyakarta: Resist Book.
Sukmana, Oman (2016). Konsep dan Teori Gerakan Sosial, Intrans Publishing.
Yaka, Ö. (2019). Gender and framing: Gender as a main determinant of frame variation in Turkey's anti-hydropower movement. Women's Studies International Forum. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WSIF.2019.03.002.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Bayu Anang Prihanto, Ambar Widaningrum
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).