Demisogyny Of The Epistemology Of Women's Fikih MutawallĪ Al-Sha'rāwī In The Indonesian Context
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2025.242.108-134Keywords:
Al-Sha’rāwī, Demisogini Epistemogi Fikih, Konteks IndonesiaAbstract
Buah gagasan al-Sha’rāwī dalam upaya demisogini epistemologi fikih perempuan merupakan angin segar bagi pemikir hukum Islam. Selain menyelamatkan stigmatisasi terhadap perempuan, pemikirannya juga mendobrak bagaimana cara memaknai teks-teks agama secara holistik. Hal ini supaya doktrin agama tidak dimaknai secara kaku dan rigid, sehingga dapat dibumikan secara total sesuai dengan semangat maqāṣid dan dapat melahirlan produk-produk hukum yang ramah gender. Kontribusi pemikiran al-Sya’rawi turut mewarnai progresifitas fikih perempuan dengan mencairkan pemikiran-pemikiran yang membeku dalam teks. Dari keempat isu dalam penelitian ini (hadis akal dan agama perempuan, ayat pemukulan perempuan, ayat poligami, dan ayat kesaksian perempuan), secara garis besar, al-Sha’rāwī telah mengintrodusir pemikiran progresifnya, meskipun beberapa poin belum dikatakan maksimal untuk diaplikasikan di konteks modern Indonesia. Kontribusi pemikirannya dengan konteks Indonesia adalah dalam rangka affirmatif dan kuratif. Apa yang sudah sesuai –dalam merepresentasikan semangat kesetaraan gender- maka perlu dilestarikan dan apa yang kurang sesuai maka perlu direformulasi. Inilah tujuan utama penulis dengan memberikan bandingan pemikir hukum Islam kontemporer yang cukup konsen menyoroti tentang perempuan.
Kata Kunci: Al-Sha’rāwī, Demisogini Epistemogi Fikih, Konteks Indonesia.
[The fruit of al-Sha'rāwī's ideas in an effort to demystify the epistemology of women's jurisprudence is a breath of fresh air for Islamic legal thinkers. Apart from saving the religious stigmatization of women, his thinking also breaks down how to interpret religious texts holistically. This is so that religious doctrine is not interpreted in a strict and rigid manner, so that it can be totally grounded in accordance with the maqāṣid spirit and can give birth to gender-friendly legal products. Of the four issues in this research (hadith on women's reason and religion, verses on beating women, verses on polygamy, and verses on women's testimony), in general, al-Sha'rāwī has introduced his progressive thinking, although several points have not been said to be optimally applied in the context of modern Indonesia. The contribution of his thinking to the Indonesian context is in an affirmative and curative framework. What is appropriate - in representing the spirit of gender equality - needs to be preserved and what is less appropriate needs to be reformulated. This is the main aim of the author in providing a comparison of contemporary Islamic legal thinkers who are quite concerned with highlighting women.
Keywords: Al-Sha'rāwī, Demisogyny of Epistemogy of Jurisprudence, Indonesian Context.]
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