Azzahra, F., Rosyidah, A.N., Firmansyah, R. and Supriyatno, T. 2025. Strategic Adaptation and Resilience: Islamic Education’s Response to Colonialism in Indonesia. HEUTAGOGIA: Journal of Islamic Education . 5, 1 (Jun. 2025), 69–81. DOI:https://doi.org/10.14421/hjie.2025.51-06.