Moderasi Beragama sebagai Pilar Persatuan Bangsa Studi Komparatif Kitab Suci Islam dan Hindu
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Abstract
Keragaman dapat menjadi pengikat dalam masyarakat, namun dapat pula menimbulkan percikan yang bermuara pada konflik sosial. Besarnya prasangka dan stigma serta kurangnya toleransi terhadap kelompok yang berbeda, ditengarai dapat berakibat pada kekerasan antarkelompok, sehingga narasi moderasi beragama penting kiranya untuk terus disebarluaskan dan diaktualisasikan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Penelitian ini mengupas konsep moderasi dari sudut pandang agama Islam dan Hindu berdasarkan kitab sucinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Sumber primer dari penelitian ini adalah kitab suci umat Islam, yaitu Al-Qur'an dan kitab suci umat Hindu, yakni Weda. Sedangkan sumber sekunder yang digunakan adalah berbagai literatur lain yang relevan dengan penelitian, baik dan bentuk buku maupun artikel jurnal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis konsep-konsep moderasi beragama secara umum, beranjak ke moderasi beragama yang dikonseptualisasikan dalam Islam dan Hindu, dengan merujuk kembali kepada kitab suci masing-masing agama, yang kemudian konsep-konsep dari ajaran kedua agama tersebut dikomparasikan untuk mencari titik temu antara keduanya. Prinsip moderasi beragama dalam Al-Qur'an sebagaimana yang dirumuskan oleh Kementerian Agama terdiri dari prinsip keadilan (‘adalah), keseimbangan (tawāzun), dan toleransi (tasāmuh). Sedangkan dalam ajaran Hindu, moderasi beragama diterapkan dalam konsep Tri Hita Kirana, Tat Twam Asi, Wasudewam Kutumbhakam, dan Ahimsa. Narasi moderasi beragama penting untuk terus digaungkan oleh pihak-pihak otoritatif seperti pemerintah, lembaga, dan tokoh-tokoh agama.
Diversity can be a bond in society, but it can also cause sparks that lead to social conflict. The amount of prejudice and lack of tolerance towards different groups can result in violence between groups, hence it is important for the narrative of religious moderation to continue to be disseminated and actualized in social life. This research examines the concept of moderation from the perspective of Islam and Hinduism based on their holy books. This research is library research with qualitative research methods. The primary sources for this research are the Muslim holy book (Al-Qur'an) and the Hindu holy book (Veda). Meanwhile, the secondary sources used are various other literature that is relevant to the research, both in the form of books and journal articles. The research was conducted by analyzing the concepts of religious moderation in general, moving on to religious moderation conceptualized in Islam and Hinduism, by referring back to the holy books of each religion, which then compared to find common ground between the two. The principles of religious moderation in the Qur'an consist of the principles of justice ('’adalah), balance (tawāzun), and tolerance (tasāmuh). Meanwhile, in Hinduism, religious moderation is applied in the concepts of Tri Hita Kirana, Tat Twam Asi, Wasudewam Kutumbhakam, and Ahimsa. The narrative of religious moderation is important to be echoed by authoritative parties such as the government, institutions, and religious leaders.
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