BAMBI ARI’ SEBAGAI WUJUD KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT DAYAK DALAM PENANGANAN BENCANA KABUT ASAP DI KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU, KALIMANTAN BARAT
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Abstract
The massive scale of forest fire by big companies in Kapuas Hulu have caused smog disaster that affect surrounding areas suh as Kalimantan Island and Malaysia.These companies cleared land without considering season calendaras indigenous peopleof Dayak did. As a result, forest fire is uncontrollable that cause serious haze disaster. In contrast, the Dayak people have local wisdom called bambi‘ari to prevent forest fire. According to bambi ‘ari, Dayak people clear small scale land and use season calendar before fire the forest.This research concern swith bambi ‘ari’s implementation to prevent forest fire haze by using qualitative method to collect primary data. This research argues that as a local wisdom, bambi ‘ari was built upon collaboration among the Dayak people to develop social solidarity. Since the Dayak people rely heavily on natural resources, they set a system to help natural resources management, such as forest. This set of system called tembawang, applies season calendar to determine planting in the field and land clearing. Forest fire as a tool of land clearing, conducted in natural ways and in particular time to avoid haze disaster. Collaboration among the Dayak people occurred when they fire forest by monitoring hot spots and supplying water to prevent uncontrolled forest fire.This research concludes that the implementation of bambi‘ari as a long term natural resources management by the Dayak people enable haze disaster prevention.
Bencana kabut asap yang terjadi di Kapuas Hulu disebabkan oleh pembakaran hutan untuk membuka lahan baru. Mayori tas pelakunya perusahaan yang membakar dalam skala massif dan tidak menggunakan kalender musim. Masyarakat Dayak pun melakukan pembakaran hutan dalam skala kecil dengan meng gunakan konsep bambi ‘ari untuk mencegah terjadinya kebakaran hutan. Penelitian ini hendak mengkaji bagaimanakah implementsai bambi ari’ dalam penanganan bencana kabut asap. Metode peneli ti an kualitatif untuk mendapatkan data primer dari masyarakat Dayak tentang bagaimana mengelola hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masyarakat Dayak memiliki kearifan lokal dalam mengelola sumber daya alam untuk dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pengelolaan hutan untuk kehidupan sehari-hari dengan sistem tembawang yang mengenal kalender musim untuk proses penanaman di ladang. Pembakaran hutan sebagai bagian dari pembukaan lahan dilakukan dengan cara dan waktu yang tepat sehingga secara alami tidak menimbulkan bencana. Pada saat proses pembakarran hutan dilakukan dengan melibatkan banyak orang (keluarga atau komunitas) dengan menjaga titik-titik yang rawan terbakar dan menyediakan air untuk mencegah kebakaran hutan. Konsep bekerja bersama dan membangun solidaritas sosial tersebut yang mereka namakan bambi ‘ari. Sistem ini memungkinkan pengelolaan alam dalam jangka panjang dan menggunakan tanda-tanda alam dalam prosesnya, yang mampu untuk mencegah timbulnya bencana kabut asap.
Keywords:
Dayak People, Tembawang, Bambi ‘Ari, Local WisdomReferences:
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