PERSEPSI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DAN STAKEHOLDER UNTUK MEMPROMOSIKAN DAN MENGEMBANGKAN KOMUNITAS INKLUSIF DI DIY DAN ASIA TENGGARA
https://doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v13i12.1625
License
Authors who publish with JSR agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the perceptions of persons with disabilities and stakeholders regarding the promotion and development of Friendly and Inclusive Communities in Bantul Regency, DIY and Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi. The study was designed using transformative mixed-method, with the framework of KIPA (Knowledge, Inclusion, Participation, and Access) as a theoretical framework core. The first step was carried out by an empirical survey through distributing questionnaires to 48 respondents in Bantul Regency and 52 respondents in Kendari City. The results of data analysis from questionnaire contents were processed through descriptive statistics to describe respondents' perceptions quantitatively. Quantitative results are used as a reference in qualitative data collection, namely through in-depth interviews with selected respondents. The results of the study show that both persons with disabilities and stakeholders have a positive perception of the promotion and development of a friendly and inclusive community in their area. Although knowledge about disability, inclusion and the issues that surround it is still limited, but both persons with disabilities and stakeholders claim the need for a Friendly and Inclusive Community to be realized. Repondents of persons with disabilities also added that participation and access to development by and for persons with disabilities needs to be improved both in terms of quantity and quality.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi persepsi penyandang disabilitas dan stakeholders mengenai promosi dan pengembangan Komunitas Ramah dan Inklusif di Kabupaten Bantul, DIY dan Kota Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian didesain menggunakan transformative mixed-method, dengan kerangka KIPA (Knowledge, Inclusion, Participation, and Access) sebagai core theoretical framework. Langkah pertama dilakukan dengan survey empiris melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 48 responden di Kabupaten Bantul dan 52 responden di Kota Kendari. Hasil analisis data dari isian kuesioner diolah melalui statistik deskriptif untuk menggambarkan persepsi responden secara kuantitatif. Hasil kuantitatif dijadikan sebagai rujukan dalam pengambilan data secara kualitatif, yaitu melalui in-depth interview kepada responden terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan baik penyandang disabilitas maupun stakeholders memiliki persepsi yang positif terhadap promosi dan pengembangan Komunitas Ramah dan Inklusif di daerah mereka. Meskipun pengetahuan mengenai disabilitas, inklusi dan isu-isu yang melingkupinya masih terbatas, namun baik penyandang disabiltias dan stakeholders mengaku perlunya Komunitas Ramah dan Inklusif untuk diwujudkan. Reponden penyandang disabilitas juga menambahkan bahwa partisipasi dan akses pembangunan oleh dan untuk penyandang disabilitas perlu ditingkatkan baik dari segi kuantitas maupun kualitas.
Keywords:
Perception, Persons with Disabilities, Development, KIPA, Inclusive CommunityReferences:
AUSAID. 2010. Accessibility Design Guide: Universal Design Principle for Australia’s Aid Program. Canberra: Clarity Communication.
Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. 2009. Design Principle – Social Inclusion. Australia: Healthy Spaces & Places, retrieved from www.healthyplaces.org.au
Australian Government, 2008, ‘Social Inclusion Principles for Social Inclusion in Australia’ http://www.socialinclusion.gov.au/
Barnes, C., & Mercer, G. 2004. Theorising and Researching Disability from a Social Model Perspective. Chapter 1 (In ‘Implementing the Social Model of Disability: Theory and Research’ edited by Colin Barnes and Geof Mercer (2004); Leeds: The Disability Press, pp. 1-17).
CABE. 2006. The principles of inclusive design. (They include you). UK: Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment.
CABE. 2008. Inclusion by design: Equality, diversity, and the built environment. UK: Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment.
Center for Excellent in Universal Design. 2017. Building for Everyone: Universal Design Approach. Dublin: National Disability Authority.
Ciqal. 2016. Barrier Assessment, studi di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul dan Kupang. Yogyakarta: Ciqal, Laporan tidak diterbitkan.
Clarkson, J., Coleman, R., Keates, S., & Lebbon, C. 2003. Inclusive Design: Design for the whole population. London: Springer, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-0001-0
Colantonio, A. & Dixon, T. 2009. Measuring Socially Sustainable Urban Regeneration in Europe. Oxford Brookes University: Oxford Institute for Sustainable Development.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Boston, MA Pearson.
Creswell, J.W. and Plano Clark, V.L. (2011) Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. 2nd Edition, Sage Publications, Los Angeles.
Data Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Bantul tahun 2015
DFAT. 2009. Accessibility Design Guide: Universal design principles for Australia’s aid program 2009 - 2014. Canberra: AUSAid
Donahue, S. & Gheerawo, R. 2007. Social concerns – new challenges for inclusive design. Conference Paper
Edmonds, L.J. (2005). Disabled People and Development. POVERTY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PAPERS No. 12/ June 2005. Poverty Reduction and Social Development Division Regional and Sustainable Development Department Asian Development Bank.
Elina, K. & Ann, H. 2012. How to Design for Others if We Only Have
Our Own Experience to Rely on?. ANTWERP: Theory by Design Conference.
Ferguson, P.M. & Nusbaum, E. 2012. Disability Studies: What Is It and What Difference Does It Make?. Research & Practice for People with Severe Disabilities, Vol. 37, No. 2, 70-80.
Ferrie, D., 2008, ‘Social Inclusion and Place Based Disadvantage’ , proceedings from Social Inclusion and Place Based Disadvantage Workshop. Brotherhood of St Laurence.
Hart District Council. 2009. Yateley Village Design Framework. Hampshire: Hart District Council.
Hayes, A., Gray, M. and Edwards, B, 2008, ‘Social Inclusion; Origins, Concepts and Key Themes’, Australian Institute of Family Studies prepared for the Social Inclusion Unit, Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet.
Heinicke-Motsch, K. & Sygall, S. 2003. Building an Inclusive Development Community: A Manual on Including People with Disabilities in International Development Programs. USA: MOBILITY INTERNATIONAL USA (MIUSA).
Knight, G. & Bichard, J.. 2011. Publicly Accessible Toilets: An Inclusive Design Guide. London: Royal College of Art Helen Hamlyn Centre for Design
Maftuhin, A., Aminah, S., Mitra, B. 2016. Renaksi Kota Inklusif Yogyakarta. Laporan (tidak dipublikasikan). Kerjasama antara Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah Kota Yogyakarta dan Lembaga Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta.
Malloy, R.P. 2015. Land use and disability: planning and zoning for accessible community. USA: Cambridge University Press.
Palich, N. & Edmonds, A. 2013. Social sustainability: creating places and participatory processes that perform well for people. Australia: Environment Design Guide
Rapley, C.E. 2013. Accessibility and Development: environmental accessibility and its implications for inclusive, sustainable and equitable development for all. The Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) of the United Nations.
Ro’fah, Hanjarwati, A., Suprihatiningrum, J. 2016. Assessment Hambatan Pelibatan dan Partisipasi Penuh Kelompok Marginal dalam Perencanaan dan Proses Pembangunan Daerah – Barrier to Access. Laporan penelitian, tidak diterbitkan.
Salisbury District Council Core Strategy Consultation. 2007. Access for all: Creating an inclusive environment. Salisbury District Council.
Smeltzer, S.C. (2007). Improving the health and wellness of persons with disabilities: A call to action too important for nursing to ignore. Nurs Outlook, 55: 189-195.
The Center for Universal Design (1997). The Principles of Universal Design, Version 2.0. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University.
Tim penyusun CBR UIN Sunan Ampel. 2016.
UU No 6 tahun 2014 tentang Desa
Waldschmidt, A. (2017). Disability Goes Cultural: The Cultural Model of Disability as an Analytical Tool, Waldschmidt, A., Berressem, H., Ingwersen, M. (Eds). Germany: the UzK Forum Initiative, University of Cologne.
West, S., Badham, M., 2008, ‘A Strategic Framework for Creating Liveable Communities’ prepared for the Growth Areas Authority Victoria with assistance from the University of Melbourne, Griffith University and the McCaughey Centre.
Western Australian Planning Commission, Oct 2007, Liveable Neighbourhoods:, Western Australian Planning Commission, Perth.
Wood, L., Shannon, T., Bulsara, M., Pikora, T., McCormack, G. and Giles-Corti, B., 2008, ‘The Anatomy of the Safe and Social Suburb: an exploratory study of the built environment, social capital and residents' perceptions of safety’, Health & Place, 14(1), pp15-31 in Bicycle Federation of Australia ‘Cycling Fact Sheet’.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17576088
Woodcraft S, T Hackett & L Caistor-Arendar 2011, Design for Social Sustainability: A framework for creating thriving new communities, the Young Foundation, London.