Articles

Community-Based Support System in Suicide Prevention: Experiences from Indonesian Grassroots

, , ,
Published: 2024-06-30 DOI10.14421/welfare.2024.131-03

Abstract

The community-based support system for suicide prevention was discovered using the qualitative analysis. In order to safeguard cases of suicide in person, twelve stakeholders were observed and interviewed about their experiences from Gunungkidul, Indonesia. This study finds that community-based assistance can be divided into three types of behaviours: responsiveness, localised healing, and empathy. Families provide security, comfort and acceptance. Public care is also offered to communities, including support and social institutions. Social advocacy and rehabilitation are CBOs program. It gives new perspective on suicide prevention, which is still primarily psychological approach and rarely employs integrative system to decrease suicide rates.   

Keywords: Community-Based Support System, Suicide Prevention, Mental Illness, Indonesian Grassroots

Sistem dukungan berbasis komunitas untuk pencegahan bunuh diri ditemukan melalui analisis kualitatif. Untuk melindungi kasus bunuh diri secara langsung, dua belas pemangku kepentingan diobservasi dan diwawancarai mengenai pengalaman mereka di Gunungkidul, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa bantuan berbasis komunitas dapat dibagi menjadi tiga jenis perilaku: responsivitas, penyembuhan lokal, dan empati. Keluarga memberikan rasa aman, kenyamanan, dan penerimaan. Perawatan publik juga ditawarkan kepada komunitas, termasuk dukungan dan institusi sosial. Advokasi sosial dan rehabilitasi adalah program dari organisasi berbasis komunitas (CBO). Ini memberikan perspektif baru dalam pencegahan bunuh diri, yang masih didominasi oleh pendekatan psikologis dan jarang menggunakan sistem integratif untuk menurunkan angka bunuh diri.

Kata Kunci: Sistem Dukungan Berbasis Komunitas, Pencegahan Bunuh Diri, Gangguan Mental

Keywords

Community-Based Support System Suicide Prevention Mental Illness Indonesian Grassroots

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Information

Issue: Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): WELFARE: Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

Copyright

Copyright (c) 2024 WELFARE : Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Welfare: Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

References

Abrutyn, S., Mueller, A. S., & Osborne, M. (2019). Rekeying Cultural Scripts for Youth Suicide: How Social Networks Facilitate Suicide Diffusion and Suicide Clusters Following Exposure to Suicide. Society and Mental Health, 10(2), 112–135. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869319834063
Ali, T. M. (2021). Studi Kasus Tentang Bunuh Diri di Gunung Kidul: Antara Realitas dan Mitos Pulung Gantung. Wacana, 13(1), 82–103. https://doi.org/10.13057/wacana.v13i1.192
Andari, S. (2017). The Suicide Phenomenon in the Gunungkidul Regency. Sosio Konsepsia, 7(1), 92–107.
Angrosino, M. (2007). Doing Ethnographic and Observational Research. New York: SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849208932
Ariapooran, S., Heidari, S., Asgari, M., Ashtarian, H., & Khezeli, M. (2018). Individualism-collectivism, social support, resilience and suicidal ideation among women with the experience of the death of a young person. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 6(3), 250–259.
Asih, K. Y., & Hiryanto. (2020). Rekonstruksi Sosial Budaya Fenomena Bunuh Diri Masyarakat Gunungkidul. DIKLUS: Jurnal Pendidikan Luar Sekolah, 4(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.21831/diklus.v4i1.27866
Bachmann, S. (2018). Epidemiology of suicide and the psychiatric perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(7), 1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071425
Biroli, A. (2018). Bunuh Diri dalam Perspektif Sosiologi. Simulacra, 1(2), 213–223. https://doi.org/10.21107/sml.v1i2.4996
Burnette, C. E., Roh, S., Liddell, J., & Lee, Y. S. (2019). American Indian Women Cancer Survivor’s Needs and Preferences: Community Support for Cancer Experiences. Journal of Cancer Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-018-1346-4
Caine, E. D. (2013). Changing the focus of suicide research in China from rural to urban communities. Shanghai Archives of Psychiartry, 25(3), 174–175. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-?‐0829.2013.03.007
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing the Five Approaches (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). The Selection of a Research Approach. Research Design, 3–23. https://doi.org/45593:01
Darmaningtyas. (2002). Pulung Gantung: Menyingkap tragedi bunuh diri di Gunungkidul. Yogyakarta: Salwa Press.
Durkheim, É. (2005). Suicide A study in sociology (11th ed.; G. Simpson, Ed.). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001504-200003000-00002
Fahrudin, A. (2012). Suicide phenomena in Gunungkidul: Remaining record from the field. Sosio Informa, 17(1), 13–19. https://doi.org/10.33007/inf.v17i1.63
Finlayson-Short, L., Hetrick, S., Krysinska, K., Harris, M., Salom, C., Stefanac, N., … Robinson, J. (2020). Community Based Support for People at Risk for Suicide and Those Who Care for them–Areas for Improvement. Archives of Suicide Research, 24(2), 125–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2019.1619113
Izudin, A. (2021). Revealing the Orientation of the Post-Reformation Islamic Student Movement in Indonesia. Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik, 12(1), 11–24. https://doi.org/10.14710/politika.12.1.2021.11-24
Kleiman, E. M., & Liu, R. T. (2015). Social support as a protective factor in suicide: Findings from two nationally representative samples. Journal of Affective Disorders, 150(2), 540–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.01.033
Kusumastuti, P., Jusup, I., Fitrikasari, A., & Hadiati, T. (2021). The Correlation between Perceived Social Support with Suicide Ideation. Diponegoro International Medical Journal (DIMJ), 2(2), 41–45. https://doi.org/10.14710/dimj.v2i2.10540
Mueller, A. S., Abrutyn, S., Pescosolido, B., & Diefendorf, S. (2021). The Social Roots of Suicide: Theorizing How the External Social World Matters to Suicide and Suicide Prevention. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(621569). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621569
Mukherjee, S., & Wei, Z. (2021). Suicide disparities across metropolitan areas in the US: A comparative assessment of socio-environmental factors using a data-driven predictive approach. PLoS ONE, 16(11), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258824
Polres Gunungkidul. (2021). Data Kasus Bunuh Diri tahun 2015-2021. Yogyakarta.
Putra, I., Karin, P., & Ariastuti, N. (2021). Suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among Indonesian adolescent students. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 33(5), 20190035. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2019-0035
Radeloff, D., Papsdorf, R., Uhlig, K., Vasilache, A., Putnam, K., & Von Klitzing, K. (2021). Trends in suicide rates during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in a major German city. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000019
Reivich, K., & Shatté, A. (2002). The resilience factor: 7 essential skills for overcoming life’s inevitable obstacles. Portland, United States: Broadway Books.
Richardson, C., Robb, K. A., McManus, S., & O’Connor, R. C. (2022). Psychosocial factors that distinguish between men and women who have suicidal thoughts and attempt suicide: Findings from a national probability sample of adults. Psychological Medicine, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721005195
Samson, K., & Sherry, S. B. (2020). Projected increases in suicide in Canada as a consequence of COVID-19 revisited. Psychiatry Research, 294, 113104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113492
Setiyawati, D., Jatmika, W. N., Puspakesuma, N., Retnowati, S., & Colucci, E. (2022). Suicide first aid guidelines for Indonesia: a Delphi consensus study. Journal of Mental Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2021.2022632
Silverman, R. M., & Patterson, K. L. (2022). Qualitative Research Methods for Community Development (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
Steffenak, A. K. M., Anderzén-Carlsson, A., Opheim, E., & Sandsdalen, T. (2021). Community-based support for children who are next-of-kin for a parent experiencing illness or disability – a scoping review. BMC Health Services Research. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-07270-x
Takahashi, Y., Hirasawa, H., Koyama, K., Senzaki, A., & Senzaki, K. (1998). Suicide in Japan: Present State and Future Directions for Prevention. Transcultural Psychiatry, 35(2), 271–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/136346159803500206
Tanaka, T., & Okamoto, S. (2021). Increase in suicide following an initial decline during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Nature Human Behaviour, 5, 229–238. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-01042-z
Turecki, G., Brent, D. A., Gunnell, D., O’Connor, R. C., Oquendo, M. A., Pirkis, J., & Stanley, B. H. (2019). Suicide and suicide risk. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 5(1), 74. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0121-0
Vasiliadis, H.-M., Lesage, A., Latimer, E., & Seguin, M. (2015). Implementing Suicide Prevention Programs: Costs and Potential Life Years Saved in Canada. The Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 18(3), 147–155.
Vijayakumar, L., Pirkis, J., & Whiteford, H. (2005). Suicide in developing countries (3): Prevention efforts. Crisis, 26(3), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.26.3.120
Walter, M. (2010). Social Research Methods. Australia & New Zealand: Oxford University Press.
World Health Organization. (2021). Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)-Indonesia. Retrieved from The Worl Bank website: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.SUIC.P5?locations=ID
Yuda, T. K., Damanik, J., & Nurhadi. (2021). Examining emerging social policy during COVID-19 in Indonesia and the case for a community-based support system. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development, 31(1–2), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/02185385.2020.1829499

How to Cite

Community-Based Support System in Suicide Prevention: Experiences from Indonesian Grassroots. (2024). WELFARE : Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.14421/welfare.2024.131-03