PEREMPUAN DAN DERADIKALISASI: Peran Para Istri Mantan Terpidana Terorisme dalam Proses Deradikalisasi
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Abstract
There have been 1070 people convicted of terrorism untill 2016, some of them have been paid off the sentence. By the end of the sentence, it does not guarantee them not to involve into the same action. Some of them choose to join the radical group and others have repented and now live normally in the midst of society. This research aims to elaborate on the role of wife in the process of de-radicalization so that the husband would not be back involving into the same action. By using phenomenology approach, the result shows that, in two ex-terrorists families, the wives has important role to do deradicalization in their families so that their husband would not be back involving into terrorist act. The process of deradicalization has already begun when the husband is in prison, i.e. by visiting their husband regularly. In addition, the wives also try not to depend on their husband economically, this can immediately keep the husband from the group that he followed. This research conclude that the deradicalization based on family can be regarded as a more effective way to do deradicalization and it can be complementary the existing approach.
Hingga tahun 2016 jumlah pelaku tindakan terorisme berjumlah 1070 orang, dari jumlah tersebut sebagian telah menyelesaikan masa hukumannya. Berakhirnya masa hukuman para terpidana terorisme tidak menjamin mereka untuk tidak terlibat dalam aksi yang sama. Sebagian memilih bergabung dengan kelompok radikal yang mereka ikuti dan sebagian yang lain telah bertaubat dan kini hidup normal ditengah-tengah masyarakat. Penelitian ini akan mencoba menguraikan mengenai peran istri dalam proses deradikalisasi sehingga suaminya tidak lagi terlibat dalam aksi yang sama. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi menunjukkan bahwa dalam dua keluarga mantan terpidana terorisme istri memiliki peran dalam menderadikalisasi para suami untuk tidak lagi terlibat dalam aksi terorisme. Proses deradikalisasi telah dimulai ketika suami menjalani hukuman di lembaga pemasyarakatan, yaitu deng an cara melakukan kunjungan rutin ke lembaga pemasyarakatan. Selain itu istri juga berusaha untuk tidak bergantung secara ekonomi kepada suami, hal ini secara tidak langsung dapat menjauhkan suami dari kelompok yang diikutinya. Riset ini menyimpulkan bahwa deradikalisasi berbasis keluarga dinilai lebih efektif, pendekatan tersebut dapat melengkapi pendekatan deradikalisasi yang selama ini telah berjalan.
Keyword: Deradicalization, Terrorism Convicted, Women, Prison
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