SUMBANGSIH FREUD BAGI KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL-KEAGAMAAN: TELAAH ATAS KARYA TOTEM AND TABOO (1912-1913)
https://doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v16i1.2162
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Abstract
One of Sigmund Freud's most famous works in the field of religion is Totem and Taboo (1912-1913). In this work, Freud uses psychoanalytic theory to dissect the genealogy of socio-religious phenomena in the form of totems and taboos from a philosophical-anthropological point of view, especially through his research on Aboriginal tribes in Australia. This article aims to examine Freud's contribution in the field of religion, and how it is contextualized in the socio-religious life of today's society. This study uses a qualitative approach by exploring various literatures that examine Freud's work on Totems and Taboos. The results of the study reveal that although this work tends to be problematic and particular in interpreting religion through the concepts of Totem and Taboo. However, there is a contribution from the series of arguments presented by Freud. This contribution is an invitation to purify one's intentions in carrying out religious rites, especially in today's modern society. Religious activity is no longer seen as a mechanistic ritual, but it has to be rooted from the deepest heart.
Salah satu karya Sigmund Freud dalam bidang agama yang paling terkenal adalah Totem and Taboo (1912-1913). Dalam karyanya tersebut, Freud menggunakan teori psikoanalisis untuk membedah genealogi fenomena sosial keagamaan berupa totem dan taboo dari sudut pandang filosofis-antropologis, khususnya melalui penelitiannya tentang suku Aborigin di Australia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelaah sumbangsih Freud dalam karya tersebut, dan bagaimana kontekstualisasinya dalam kehidupan sosial-keagamaan masyarakat saat ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menelusuri berbagai literatur yang mengkaji karya Freud tentang Totem dan Taboo. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun karya ini cenderung problematis dan partikular dalam memaknai agama melalui konsep Totem dan Taboo, namun terdapat sumbangsih dari rangkaian argumentasi yang disampaikan oleh Freud tersebut. Sumbangsih tersebut adalah ajakan untuk memurnikan intensi diri dalam melaksanakan ritus-ritus beragama, khususnya dalam masyarakat modern saat ini. Aktivitas beragama bukan lagi menjadi ritual yang mekanistis, melainkan harus bersumber dari hati yang terdalam.
Keywords:
Sigmund Freud, Totem and Taboo, Religious rituals.References:
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