INTERFAITH SOCIAL SOLIDARITY: A SOCIO-THEOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE TO POST-PANDEMIC COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT
https://doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v17i2.2692
License
Authors who publish with JSR agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
Abstract
The welfare of citizens, particularly in Sukoreno Village, Jember, East Java, has been adversely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia over the past 2 (two) years. Efforts based on socio-theological principles and interfaith civil society have emerged as alternative solutions to address this issue. The purpose of this article is to elucidate the manifestations of interfaith social solidarity in Sukoreno Village, Jember, East Java, as a means of overcoming the economic challenges faced by the community in the post-Covid-19 pandemic. This study employed a qualitative method. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and document review. The findings indicated that this form of interfaith solidarity was fostered through the utilization of social capital within the community. Examples of such solidarity include social services, heightened Covid-19 awareness, and the optimization of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and local village resources. While these efforts may not directly lead to significant improvements in the economic welfare of the community, they do highlight that community empowerment can be achieved through an interfaith approach.
Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia selama 2 (dua) tahun terakhir telah menurunkan tingkat kesejahteraan warga, khususnya di Desa Sukoreno, Jember, Jawa Timur. Upaya berbasis sosio-teologi masyarakat sipil lintas agama menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam mengatasi problem tersebut. Artikel ini bermaksud untuk menjelaskan bentuk-bentuk solidaritas sosial lintas agama di Desa Sukoreno, Jember, Jawa Timur dalam mengatasi problem ekonomi masyarakat pasca pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa bentuk solidaritas lintas agama ini muncul melalui pemanfaatan modal sosial yang ada di masyarakat. Diantaranya dalam bentuk bakti sosial, sigap Covid-19, dan optimalisasi UMKM dan potensi lokal desa. Upaya ini meskipun tidak dapat menjustifikasi peningkatan kesejahteraaan ekonomi warga, namun dapat merefleksikan bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan lintas agama.
Keywords:
Interfaith solidarity, Tolerance, Post-pandemicReferences:
Abroo, Aman, and Dr Andrabi. 2020. “Interfaith Dialogue: Its Need, Importance and Merits in the Contemporary World.” International Journal of Advanced Academic Studies 2020, Vol. 2:264–71. doi: 10.33545/27068919.2020.v2.i3d.157.
Agung, Dewa Agung Gede. 2017. “Keragaman Keberagamaan (Sebuah Kodrati Kehidupan Berbangsa dan Bernegara Berdasarkan Pancasila).” Sejarah dan Budaya : Jurnal Sejarah, Budaya, dan Pengajarannya 11(2):151–59.
Alexander, Michael. 2019. “Perdamaian Dan Rekonsiliasi: Sebuah Eksplanasi Kekerasan Berbasis Agama Dan Upaya Melampauinya.” GENEVA: Jurnal Teologi Dan Misi 1(2):115–38.
Ali, Achmad. 1998. Menjelajahi Kajian Empiris Terhadap Hukum. Jakarta: PT. Yarsif Watampone.
Bakker, Y. W., J. de Koning, and J. van Tatenhove. 2019. “Resilience and Social Capital: The Engagement of Fisheries Communities in Marine Spatial Planning.” Marine Policy 99:132–39. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2018.09.032.
Claridge, Tristan. 2018. “Functions of Social Capital – Bonding, Bridging, Linking.” Social Capital Research (20):1–7.
Daeli, Dorkas Orienti, and Sonny Eli Zaluchu. 2019. “Analisis Fenomenologi Deskriptif Terhadap Panggilan Iman Kristen Untuk Kerukunan Antar Umat Beragama Di Indonesia.” SUNDERMANN: Jurnal Ilmiah Teologi, Pendidikan, Sains, Humaniora Dan Kebudayaan 12(2):44–50. doi: 10.36588/sundermann.v1i1.27.
Devi, Aulia Diana, and Seka Andrean. 2021. “Implementasi Pendekatan Teologis Normatif Dalam Pluralisme Beragama Di Indonesia.” TA’LIM : Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Islam 4(1):60–73. doi: 10.29062/ta'lim.v4i1.2193.
Djuniasih, Elisabeth, and Aceng Kosasih. 2019. “Penerapan Karakter Toleransi Beragama pada Masyarakat Cigugur yang Pluralisme.” Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter 10(1). doi: 10.21831/jpk.v0i1.22987.
Dowson, Ruth. 2020. “A Discussion of the Practical and Theological Impacts of COVID-19 on Religious Worship, Events and Pilgrimage, from a Christian Perspective.” The International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage 8(7):33.
Ekaputri, Adethia Septiyani, and Bowo Sugiarto. 2021. “Politics of Cemetery: Religious Minority in Local Indonesia.” Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 12(2):208–21. doi: 10.14710/politika.12.2.2021.208-221.
Erningtyas, Tamarin, and Ahmad Arif Widianto. 2021. “Toleransi Antarumat Beragama Dan Relasinya Terhadap Pemeliharaan Kebudayaan Masyarakat Desa Pancasila, Sukoreno, Umbulsari, Jember.” Jurnal Integrasi Dan Harmoni Inovatif Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial 1(2):142–50. doi: 10.17977/um063v1i2p142-150.
Fahiza, Zihan, and Siti Nur Zalikha. 2021. “Kebijakan Pemerintah Dalam Kegiatan Shalat Berjamaah Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” Jurnal Riset Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat 1(1):48–55. doi: 10.22373/jrpm.v1i1.629.
Fatih, Moh Khoirul. 2019. “Membumikan Pluralisme Di Indonesia: Manajemen Konflik Dalam Masyarakat Multikultural.” Madinah: Jurnal Studi Islam 6(1):29–38.
Fonseca, Xavier, Stephan Lukosch, and Frances Brazier. 2019. “Social Cohesion Revisited: A New Definition and How to Characterize It.” Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research 32(2):231–53. doi: 10.1080/13511610.2018.1497480.
Hadebe, Nontando M. 2017. “Commodification, Decolonisation and Theological Education in Africa : Renewed Challenges for African Theologians.” HTS : Theological Studies 73(3):1–10. doi: 10.4102/hts.v73i3.4550.
Hanafi, Ridho Imawan, Imam Syafii, Mario Surya Ramadhan, and Pandu Prayoga. 2020. “Kepemimpinan Lokal di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Respons, Kebijakan, dan Panggung Eelekrokal.” Jurnal Penelitian Politik 17(2):195–218. doi: 10.14203/jpp.v17i2.899.
Hanif, Muhammad. 2021. “Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Kabupaten Madiun Dalam Menyikapi Pandemi Covid-19.” Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 23(1):27–36. doi: 10.25077/jantro.v23.n1.p27-36.2021.
Hasanah, Fitriatul, Nur Hadi, and Ahmad Arif Widianto. 2021. “Covid Adalah Pageblug: Makna Dan Respon Masyarakat Terhadap Pandemi Di Desa Pancasila, Sukoreno Jember.” Jurnal Integrasi Dan Harmoni Inovatif Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial (JIHI3S) 1(5):666–80. doi: 10.17977/um063v1i5p666-680.
Hasanah, Fitriatul, Luhung Achmad Perguna, Alifia Putri Azahra, Riska Ema Winyastuti, Devy Agustin Kartika Sari, Tamarin Erningtyas, and Khoirul Umam. 2021. “Toleransi Agama: Kajian Local Genus di Desa Pancasila, Sukoreno, Jember.” Pp. 76–94 in Mosaik Sosiologi Agama (Refleksi Dinamika Keberagaman di Indonesia), 1. Jl. Bantaran Indah Blok H Dalam 4a Kota Malang: Madza Media.
Hasanah, Fitriatul, Ahmad Arif Widianto, and Joan Hesti Gita Purwasih. 2021. “Dinamika Konflik Identitas Penghayat Sapta Darma Di Desa Sukoreno, Jember, Jawa Timur.” Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif 16(1):1–26. doi: 10.14421/jsr.v16i1.2250.
Hutapea, Rinto Hasiholan, and Iswanto Iswanto. 2020. “Potret Pluralisme Agama Dalam Masyarakat Di Kota Kupang.” Dialog 43(1):99–108. doi: 10.47655/dialog.v43i1.363.
Junaedi, Jujun, Mukhlis Aliyudin, Dede Sutisna, and Prita Priantini Nc. 2021. “Konflik Interpretasi Fatwa MUI Dalam Pelaksanaan Ibadah Selama Pandemi Covid-19.” AL-TADABBUR 6(2):175–89.
Kaha, Samuel Cornelius. 2020. “Dialog Sebagai Kesadaran Relasional Antar Agama: Respons Teologis Atas Pudarnya Semangat Toleransi Kristen-Islam Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Abdiel: Khazanah Pemikiran Teologi, Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dan Musik Gereja 4(2):132–48. doi: 10.37368/ja.v4i2.165.
Kemenag. 2022. “Data Umat Berdasarkan Agama.” Retrieved May 29, 2022 (https://data.kemenag.go.id/statistik/agama/umat/agama).
Kolb, Jonas. 2021. “Modes of Interreligious Learning within Pedagogical Practice. An Analysis of Interreligious Approaches in Germany and Austria.” Religious Education 116(2):142–56. doi: 10.1080/00344087.2020.1854416.
Kors, Anna, and Alexander-Kenneth Nagel. 2018. “Local ‘Formulas of Peace’: Religious Diversity and State-Interfaith Governance in Germany.” Social Compass 65(3):346–62. doi: 10.1177/0037768618787240.
Kurnia, Septiawan Santana. 2007. Menulis Ilmiah: Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Kusuma, Bayu Mitra A. 2017. Islam, Asymmetric Policy, and Social Conflict: The State’s Role as a Root of Radicalism in the Philippines and Thailand. SSRN Scholarly Paper. ID 3414337. Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3414337.
Lonergan, Mike, and James D. Chalmers. 2020. “Estimates of the Ongoing Need for Social Distancing and Control Measures Post-‘Lockdown’ from Trajectories of COVID-19 Cases and Mortality.” European Respiratory Journal 56(1). doi: 10.1183/13993003.01483-2020.
Mahmudin, Mahmudin, Edi Junaedi, Husni Mubarok, and Dedi Slamet Riyadi. 2021. “Kohesi Sosial Dan Keberagaman Agama: Studi Perbandingan Modal Sosial Sunda Wiwitan Kuningan Dan Cimahi, Jawa Barat.” Penamas 34(2):181–202. doi: 10.31330/penamas.v34i2.518.
Mantu, Rahman. 2018. “Lembaga Interfaith Di Indonesia (Studi Kritis Pendekatan Formalistik Negara Terhadap Kerukunan Antarumat Beragama).” Aqlam: Journal of Islam and Plurality 1(1). doi: 10.30984/ajip.v1i1.500.
Marsh, Clive. 2018. A Cultural Theology of Salvation. 1st ed. United States of America: Oxford University Press.
nusantaraterkini. 2020. “Forum Umat Beragama Bersama Penghayat Kepercayaan di Jember, Bagi-Bagi Sembako.” Nusantara Terkini. Retrieved July 19, 2021 (https://www.nusantaraterkini.com/forum-umat-beragama-bersama-penghayat-kepercayaan-di-jember-bagi-bagi-sembako/).
Pabbajah, Mustaqim, Ratri Nurina Widyanti, and Widi Fajar Widyatmoko. 2021. “Membangun Moderasi Beragama:” Jurnal Darussalam: Jurnal Pendidikan, Komunikasi Dan Pemikiran Hukum Islam 13(1):193–209. doi: 10.30739/darussalam.v13i1.1304.
Perbowosari, Heny. 2019. “The Local Wisdom Value Of Mandhasiya Tradition (Study of Hindu Education).” Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies 3(1):1–12. doi: 10.25078/ijhsrs.v3i1.790.
Pramesti, Lilya Windi. 2020. “Peranan Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB) Dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Antar Umat Beragama Tentang Pendirian Gereja Mawar Sharon Di Kota Malang.” PANGRIPTA Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Perencanaan Pembangunan 3(1):80–93.
Putnam, Robert D. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. America: Simon and Schuster.
Saputra, Riza, Andri Handayani, and Saiful Mujab. 2020. “Toward An Open Integralism: Multi-Religious Interactions In Sumberjo, Kediri.” Al-Adyan: Jurnal Studi Lintas Agama 15(1):117–44. doi: 10.24042/ajsla.v15i1.6095.
Saragih, Erman. 2021. “Penatalayanan Ibadah Terbatas Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” Danum Pambelum: Jurnal Teologi Dan Musik Gereja 1(2):175–87. doi: 10.54170/dp.v1i2.58.
Saragih, Erman S. 2018. “Analisis Dan Makna Teologi Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa Dalam Konteks Pluralisme Agama Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Teologi Cultivation 2(1):290–303.
Schiefer, David, and Jolanda van der Noll. 2017. “The Essentials of Social Cohesion: A Literature Review.” Social Indicators Research 132(2):579–603. doi: 10.1007/s11205-016-1314-5.
Setiawan, Albi Anggito, Johan. 2018. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. 1st ed. Jawa Barat: CV Jejak (Jejak Publisher).
Setyaningrum, Wahyu, and Heylen Amildha Yanuarita. 2020. “Pengaruh Covid-19 Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Masyarakat Di Kota Malang.” JISIP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Pendidikan) 4(4). doi: 10.36312/jisip.v4i4.1580.
Siallagan, Thomson. 2021. “Sinergi antara Keluarga, Sekolah, dan Gereja Menjadikan Rumah Tangga Sebagai Pusat PAK Anak di Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” Excelsis Deo: Jurnal Teologi, Misiologi, dan Pendidikan 5(1):29–44. doi: 10.51730/ed.v5i1.62.
Sihombing, Adison Adrianus, Irwan Abdullah, and Zaenuddin Hudi Prasojo. 2020. “Nostra Aetate and Space for Religious Moderation: Interfaith Dialogue in Multicultural Indonesia.” Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies 19(55):142–57.
Suyadi, Zalik Nuryana, and Niki Alma Febriana Fauzi. 2020. “The Fiqh of Disaster: The Mitigation of Covid-19 in the Perspective of Islamic Education-Neuroscience.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 51:101848. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101848.
Wahyuningsih, Christine Diah. 2020. “Kenormalan Baru dan Perubahan Sosial Dalam Perspektif Sosiologi.” MIMBAR ADMINISTRASI FISIP UNTAG Semarang 17(2):104–22.
Wibisono, Muhammad Y., Dody S. Truna, and Mohammad T. Rahman. 2021. “Turning Religion from Cause to Reducer of Panic during the COVID-19 Pandemic.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 77(4).
Wildman, Wesley J., Joseph Bulbulia, Richard Sosis, and Uffe Schjoedt. 2020. “Religion and the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Religion, Brain & Behavior 10(2):115–17. doi: 10.1080/2153599X.2020.1749339.
Yasa, I. Wayan Putra. 2020. “Tri Hita Karana Untuk Pencegahan COVID-19 Di Bali.” Jurnal Socius: Journal of Sociology Research and Education 7(1):54–66. doi: 10.24036/scs.v7i1.176.
Yusanto, Yoki. 2020. “Ragam Pendekatan Penelitian Kualitatif.” Journal of Scientific Communicatiom (JSC) 1(1). doi: 10.31506/jsc.v1i1.7764.
Zalec, Bojan, and Martina Pavlikova. 2019. “Religious Tolerance and Intolerance.” European Journal of Science and Theology 15:39–48.
Zarkasi, Ahmad, Idrus Ruslan, Agustam, Syafrimen Syafril, and Azhar Jaafar Ramli. 2018. “Dialog Antar Umat Beragama Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Konflik.”