Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif

The Hijab Transformed: A Shifting Social Identity in Bauman's Liquid Modernity

Authors

  • Rety Reka Merlins
    Universitas Halu Oleo

Downloads

Article Galley

DOI https://doi.org/10.14421/ckhdtn58
Page: 47-72
79 views
31 PDF Downloads

How to Cite

The Hijab Transformed: A Shifting Social Identity in Bauman’s Liquid Modernity. (2024). Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif, 19(1), 47-72. https://doi.org/10.14421/ckhdtn58

Abstract

The hijab, traditionally seen as a religious symbol in Islam, has undergone significant transformations in modern society, shifting its role from a marker of religious modesty to a dynamic symbol of social identity. Global cultural shifts, media representations, and the tension between traditional values and contemporary aspirations influence this transformation. The study explores the evolving meanings and functions of the hijab as a social identity in the context of Bauman's theory of liquid modernity. This research employs a qualitative literature review methodology to examine 40 peer-reviewed articles from both international and national journals. A content analysis approach is utilized to identify recurring themes and patterns in the hijab’s depiction as a social symbol across diverse cultural and social landscapes. The findings indicate that in the era of liquid modernity, the hijab symbolizes a fragmentation of its traditional meanings, shaped by forces like globalization, consumerism, and individualization. Although it continues to signify religious identity, the hijab also represents modernity, resistance, and commodification. Social media plays a crucial role in this transformation, offering a platform for Muslim women to reinterpret the hijab as both a personal and communal statement. This study highlights the hijab’s transformation into a fluid and multifaceted symbol of identity in a rapidly evolving global context.

Jilbab, yang secara tradisional dipandang sebagai simbol religius dalam Islam, telah mengalami transformasi yang signifikan dalam masyarakat modern, bergeser dari peran sebagai penanda religius menjadi simbol identitas sosial yang dinamis. Transformasi ini dipengaruhi oleh pergeseran budaya global, representasi media, serta ketegangan antara nilai-nilai tradisional dan aspirasi kontemporer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi evolusi perubahan makna dan fungsi jilbab sebagai identitas sosial dalam konteks teori modernitas cair Bauman. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif berupa studi literatur, penelitian ini menganalisis 40 artikel jurnal bereputasi internasional dan nasional. Analisis konten digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tema dan pola yang berulang terkait representasi jilbab sebagai identitas sosial di berbagai konteks budaya dan sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jilbab dalam era modernitas cair mencerminkan fragmentasi makna, yang dipengaruhi oleh globalisasi, konsumerisme, dan individualisasi. Meskipun tetap menjadi penanda identitas religius, jilbab kini juga berfungsi sebagai pernyataan modernitas, resistensi, dan komodifikasi. Media sosial memainkan peran penting dalam transformasi ini, menjadi platform bagi perempuan Muslim untuk mereformulasi jilbab sebagai ekspresi pribadi dan komunal. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa jilbab tidak lagi menjadi simbol yang statis, melainkan representasi identitas yang cair dan multifaset dalam dunia yang terus berubah.

Keywords:

Hijab, Social Identity, Liquid Modernity

References:

Aisyah, F. A. 2022. "Hijab Wanita Muslimah: Kajian Surat Al Ahzab Ayat 59." Ushuly: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin 1(1):1-14. Retrieved from http://jurnal.iaibafa.ac.id/index.php/ushuly/article/view/ushulyjanuari22_1.

Al Qur’an and the Translation.

Almila, Anna-Mari and David Inglis. 2018. "On the Hijab-Gift: Gift-Theoretical Considerations on the Ambiguities and Ambivalences of Islamic Veiling in a Diasporic Context." Journal of Cultural Analysis and Social Change 3(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.20897/jcasc/2672.

Antunes, A. 2022. "The Hijab Project: Troubling Conceptions of Agency and Piety through Community-Engaged Art Making." Social Sciences 11(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11020039.

Arab, Zainab. 2022. "'When Have Dolce and Gabbana Ever Cared about the Hijab?' Social Media, Fashion and Australian Muslim Women's Perceptions and Expression of Hijab." Religions 13(11). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13111115.

Asmaya, E. 2018. "Persepsi dan Implementasi Jilbab dalam Kegiatan Keagamaan dan Sosial-Keagamaan." Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender dan Anak 13(2):205-219. Retrieved from http://ejournal.uinsaizu.ac.id/index.php/yinyang/article/view/2101.

Basante, Pamela Nuñez. 2019. "Beyond the Veil: Media Prejudice Towards the Use of the Hijab in Europe."

Bashirov, Galib. 2020. "The Politics of the Hijab in Post-Soviet Azerbaijan." Nationalities Papers 48:357-372. DOI: 10.1017/nps.2018.81.

Baulch, Emma, and Alila Pramiyanti. 2018. "Hijabers on Instagram: Using Visual Social Media to Construct the Ideal Muslim Woman." Social Media + Society 4. DOI: 10.1177/2056305118800308.

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2000. Liquid Modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2007. Consuming Life. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2012. Liquid Fear. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2013. Liquid Love: On the Frailty of Human Bonds. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Bernier, Asma. 2023. "Performing Muslim Identities through Embodiment." The Motley Undergraduate Journal. DOI: 10.55016/ojs/muj.v1i1.76088.

Budiastuti. 2012. Jilbab dalam Perspektif Sosiologi: Studi Pemaknaan Jilbab di Lingkungan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Unpublished thesis. Jakarta: Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Graduate Program in Sociology

Creswell, John W. 2013. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Retrieved from https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/qualitative-inquiry-and-research-design/book234937.

Dahlan, Abdul Aziz. 1996. Ensiklopedia Hukum Islam. Jakarta: Ictar Baru Van Hoeve.

Dewi, Eva, M. A. Amrulloh, Suhertina Suhertina, Sariah Sariah, and Yasnel Yasnel. 2022. "Hijab Culture Phenomenon: Between Religion, Trend and Identity." KALAM. DOI: 10.24042/klm.v16i2.14238.

Sari, E. J. 2021. "Teori Identitas Sosial." Atma Jaya. Retrieved from https://e-journal.uajy.ac.id/25421/3/160322895%202.pdf.

El-Guindi, Fadwa. 2005. Jilbab, Antara Kesalehan, Kesopanan dan Perlawanan, translated by Mujiburrahman. Jakarta: Serambi.

Fazlurrahman. 2000. Nasib Wanita Sebelum Islam. Jatim: Putra Pelajar.

Holshoe, Erika. 2020. "Lifting the Veil: Hijabi Fashion on Social Media." University of Rhode Island.

Kamaluddin, I., R. Diana, and M. A. Wahhab. 2021. "Hukum Memakai Jilbab Menurut Yusuf Qordhowy dan Quraish Shihab." Journal of Indonesian Comparative of Syari’ah Law 4(2):125-147. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unida.gontor.ac.id/index.php/jicl/article/view/7151.

Karakavak, Zerrin, and Tuğba Özbölük. 2022. "When Modesty Meets Fashion: How Social Media and Influencers Change the Meaning of Hijab." Journal of Islamic Marketing. DOI: 10.1108/jima-05-2021-0152.

Kassem, Alia. 2022. "Belated Arabo-Islamic Difference in Excess: Racialised Religious Practice under Modernity/Coloniality in Lebanon." Journal of Contemporary Religion 37:223-242. DOI: 10.1080/13537903.2022.2045782.

Katni, K. 2017. "Ajaran Jilbab dalam Al-Hadits." TAMADDUN 2014(Januari):1-14. Retrieved from http://journal.umg.ac.id/index.php/tamaddun/article/view/67.

Katouzian, H. 2020. "Iran’s Long History and Short-Term Society." International Journal of New Political Economy 10:23. DOI: 10.29252/jep.1.1.23

Kesuma, S. 2018. "Jilbab dan Reproduksi Identitas Mahasiswi Muslimah di Ruang Publik." MUKADIMAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sejarah, dan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial 1(2):139-151. Retrieved from https://jurnal.uisu.ac.id/index.php/mkd/article/view/513.

Koo, G., and H.-E. Han. 2018. "To Veil or Not to Veil: Turkish and Iranian Hijab Policies and the Struggle for Recognition." Asian Journal of Women's Studies 24:47-70. DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2018.1427663.

Krippendorff, Klaus. 2018. Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Miles, Matthew B., A. Michael Huberman, and Johnny Saldaña. 2014. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Patton, Michael Quinn. 2015. Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Prayogi, A., L. Riandita, and S. Setiawan. 2022. "The Dynamics of Islamic Civilization in the Persian Region: A Historical Study." Jurnal Keislaman. DOI: 10.54298/jk.v5i2.3434.

Putri, R. D. 2020. "Representasi Identitas Muslimah Modern Jilbab Traveler dalam Novel Karya Asma Nadia." JSW (Jurnal Sosiologi Walisongo) 4(2):117-132. Retrieved from https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/JSW/article/view/5878.

Rahim, Ahmad. 2022. "Between Piety and Lifestyle: Hijab Shar’i on the Commodification Practices of the Islamic Culture Industry." Ulumuna 26(1):88-118. DOI: 10.20414/ujis.v26i1.448.

Ridgeon, Lloyd. 2021. "Hijab: Three Modern Iranian Seminarian Perspectives." DOI: 10.2307/J.CTV1WMZ3NQ.

Silverman, David. 2016. Doing Qualitative Research: A Practical Handbook. 5th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Simorangkir, Deborah N., and Sigit Pamungkas. 2018. "Social Identity Construction and Negotiation among Hijab-Wearing Indonesian University Students." The Journal of Communication and Religion. DOI: 10.5840/jcr201841315.

Stannard, C., and S. Islam. 2020. "Meanings of Hijab from the Wearers’ Perspective." Pivoting for the Pandemic. DOI: 10.31274/itaa.11843.

Sulaeman, M. 2020. "Menjernihkan Posisi Hijab Sebagai Kritik Ekspresi Keagamaan Fundamentalisme Islam." Jurnal Ilmiah Spiritualis: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam dan Tasawuf. DOI: 10.53429/spiritualis.v4i2.48.

Shariffadeen, Tengku Mohd Azzman, and Aini Maznina A. Manaf. 2019. "Celebrity-Fan Engagement on Instagram and Its Influence on The Perception of Hijab Culture Among Muslim Women in Malaysia." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication. DOI: 10.17576/JKMJC-2019-3501-19.

Ubaidillah, A. 2021. "Pembiasaan Jilbab pada Anak Usia Dini dan Relevansinya dalam Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Syariat Islam." El-Athfal: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan Anak 1(1):33–45. Retrieved from https://journal.ptiq.ac.id/index.php/elathfal/article/view/272.

Wijayanti, R. 2017. "Jilbab Sebagai Etika Busana Muslimah dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an." Cakrawala: Jurnal Studi Islam 12(2):1–170. Retrieved from https://zenodo.org/record/1146834.

Yazdi, A., and S. A. M. Musavi. 2021. "Analytical Study of Hijab in the Islamic Republic of Iran." Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 3:17-36. DOI information missing, please verify source.

Yulikhah, S. 2017. "Jilbab antara Kesalehan dan Fenomena Sosial." Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah 36(1):96–117. Retrieved from https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/dakwah/article/view/1627.