Koneksi Matahari-Bumi 25 - 26 Agustus 2018: CME, MC, dan Badai Geomagnetik Kuat
Keywords:
CME, MC, badai geomagnetikAbstract
Basis Revolusi Industri 4.0 adalah perkembangan teknologi, termasuk teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang sangat rentan terdampak cuaca antariksa. Baik berupa gangguan sementara atau kerusakan permanen pada sistem teknologi landas Bumi dan, terlebih teknologi ruang angkasa. Dampak masif badai geomagnetik menjadikannya dianggap sebagai inti dari cuaca antariksa. Data per jam parameter geomagnet (indeks Dst) menunjukkan terjadinya badai geomagnetik kuat selama 9 jam pada 26 Agustus 2018. Puncak badai geomagnetik kuat ini terjadi pada pukul 06:00 UT dengan indeks Dst -174 nT. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengetahui penyebab badai geomagnetik kuat yang terjadi pada fase menurun siklus Matahari ke-24, baik yang berada di ruang antar planet maupun di permukaan Matahari. Data plasma angin surya, medan magnet antar planet, dan parameter geomagnet yang digunakan dalam penelitian diperoleh dari laman OMNIWeb Plus yang disediakan oleh The Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) dengan resolusi satu jam, sementara data lontaran massa korona (CME) diperoleh dari laman katalog CME yang dihasilkan dan dikelola oleh Coordinate Data Analysis Workshop (CDAW) Data Center. Berdasarkan analisis data (kecepatan dan temperatur) plasma dan rapat proton angin surya, medan magnet antar planet (komponen By dan Bz), dan turunan keduanya, kami menemukan awan magnetik (MC) di ruang antar planet. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyebab badai geomagnetik ini adalah lontaran massa korona yang terdapat di ruang antar planet (ICME). Lebih lanjut, keberadaan CME dan kondisi permukaan Matahari didiskusikan dalam tulisan ini. Penelitian ini penting untuk mematangkan pengetahuan dan teknologi yang dikembangkan untuk memprediksi cuaca antariksa beserta mitigasi dampaknya.
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