“Multicultural Islam in the Ottoman Turkish Civilization During the Medieval Era”. ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin 24, no. 2 (September 1, 2023): 144–155. Accessed April 4, 2026. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/ushuluddin/esensia/article/view/4823.