KLASIFIKASI AF'AL NABI DAN EFEKNYA DALAM KONTEKSTUALISASI HADIS (Perspektif Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/lijid.v4i2.2899Keywords:
al-ʿUṯaimīn, kontektualisasi, af’al nabi, tekstual-kontekstual, syuhudi ismailAbstract
The classification of Prophet’s actions is very important to understand. Misclassification will lead to wrong conclusions. One of the contemporary scholars who discuss this issue is Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn (d. 2001). This research will answer about how Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn classified the Prophet’s actions be five classifications? This research is library research with critical analytical descriptive method. The primary data sources are Ṣaroḥ al-Uṣul min Ilmi al-Uṣul and Manẓumah Uṣul Fiqh wa Qowāiduh. The secondary data sources are from letters, fatwas, etc from Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn. This study concludes that Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn divided the Prophet’s actions be five classifications. First, his action for reasons of human nature. Second, his action for socio-cultural reasons. Third, his action with special deed for his. Fourth, his action for worship reasons. Fifth, explain the global dalil. Of these five classifications, there are two classifications can be contextualized. They are his action for reasons of human nature and his action for socio-cultural reasons.
Klasifikasi af’al (perbuatan-perbuatan) Nabi saw. sangat penting untuk dipahami. Salah klasifikasi maka akan menimbulkan salah kesimpulan. Salah satu ulama kontemporer yang membahas masalah ini adalah Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn (w. 2001). Penelitian ini akan menjawab tentang bagaimana Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn mengklasifikasikan af’al (perbuatan-perbuatan) Nabi saw. menjadi lima? Penelitian ini adalah penelitian library research dengan metode diskriptif analitis kritis dengan sumber data primer adalah Šaroḥ al-Uṣul min Ilmi al-Uṣul dan Manẓumah Uṣul Fiqih wa Qowāiduh. Sedangkan sumber data sekunder adalah dari tulisan, fatwa, dan yang semisalnya dari Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa Muhammad Bin Ṣālih al-ʿUṯaimīn membagi af’al (perbuatan-perbuatan) Nabi saw. menjadi lima. Pertama, karena alasan tabiat manusia. Kedua, karena alasan sosial budaya dan adat masyarakat. Ketiga, karena alasan kekhususan. Keempat, karena alasan ingin beribadah. Kelima, karena alasan ingin menjelaskan dalil yang bersifat global. Dari kelima klasifikasi ini, ada dua yang mungkin dilakukan kontekstualisasi dalam dalil-dalil agama, yaitu perbuatan Nabi saw. yang dilakukan karena alasan tabiat manusia dan perbuatan Nabi saw. yang dilakukan karena alasan sosial budaya dan adat masyarakat.
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