CITIZENS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD THE POLICE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/jpsi.v8i1.1788Keywords:
Sikap, Polisi, MasyarakatAbstract
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to describe citizents attitudes toward the police. There were 101 respondents in Surabaya were involved and analyzed based on gender, age, education, and experience as a demographic variables. This quantitative research used descriptive and comparative survey methods. Attitudes Toward Police instrument which consists of seven items were used. Data was analyzed using Independent Sample-T Test. The results showed that there were no differences between men and women in attitudes toward the police. This study also shows that respondents with early adulthood, higher education, and never interact with the police show more positive attitude compared to respondents in their teens, high school education, and have interaction with the police.
Keywords: Attitudes, Police, Society
Abstrak. Riset ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai sikap masyarakat terhadap polisi. Responden yang berpartisipasi pada studi ini sejumlah 101 masyarakat Surabaya dan dianalisis berdasarkan empat variabel demografis yaitu gender, usia, pendidikan, pengalaman. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan survei deskriptif dan komparatif. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah instrument Attitude Toward Police yang terdiri dari tujuh aitem. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Independent Sample-T Test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan sikap yang signifikan terhadap polisi antara laki-laki dengan perempuan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa responden dengan usia dewasa awal, Pendidikan perguruan tinggi, dan tidak pernah berinteraksi dengan polisi memiliki sikap yang lebih positif dibandingkan dengan responden usia remaja, Pendidikan SMA, dan pernah berinteraksi dengan polisi.
Kata kunci: Sikap, Polisi, Masyarakat
Downloads
References
Albrecht, S. L., & Green, M. (1977). Attitudes Toward The Police And The Larger Attitude Complex: Implications for Police‐Community Relationships. Criminology, 15(1), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.1977.tb00049.x
Azwar, S. (2013). Sikap Manusia : Teori dan Pengukurannya. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Bayley, D. H. & Mendelshon, H. (1969). Minorities and The Police. New York: Free Press.
Boggs, S. L. & Galliher, S. F. (1975). Evaluating The Police: A Comparison of Black Street and Household Respondents. Social Problems, 13, 393–406.
Brandl, S. G., Frank, J., Worden, R. E., & Bynum, T. S. (1994). Globai, and specific attitudes toward the police: Disentangling the relationship. Justice Quarterly, 11(1), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418829400092161
Cao, L., Frank, J., & Cullen, F. T. (1996). Race, community context and confidence in the police. American Journal of Police, 15(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/07358549610116536
CNNIndonesia. (2019). Mahasiswa dan Polisi Bentrok saat Demo di DPRD Sumsel. Retrieved from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20190924151400-20-433419/mahasiswa-dan-polisi-bentrok-saat-demo-di-dprd-sumsel
Decker, S. H. (1981). Citizens Attitude Toward The Police. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 9, 81–87.
Erez, E. (1984). Self-Defined “Desert” and Citizens’ Assessment of the Police. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 75(4), 1276. https://doi.org/10.2307/1143386
Frank, J., Smith, B. W., & Novak, K. J. (2005). Exploring the Basis of Citizens’ Attitudes Toward the Police. Police Quarterly, 8(2), 206–228. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611103258955
Griffiths, C. T., & Winfree, L. T. (1982). Attitudes Toward the Police: A Comparison of Canadian and American Adolescents. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 6(1–2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.1982.9688748
Jesilow, P. & Namazzi, N. (1995). Public Attitudes Toward The Police. American Journal of Police, 14, 67–89.
Kriyantono, R. (2009). Teknik Praktis Riset Komunikasi. Malang: Prenada Media Group.
Laguna, L., Linn, A., Ward, K., & Rupslaukyte, R. (2010). An Examination of Authoritarian Personality Traits among Police Officers: The Role of Experience. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 25(2), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-009-9060-0
Mbuba, J. M. (2010). Attitudes Toward the Police: The significance of race and other factors among college students. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 8(3), 201–215. https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2010.502846
Miftah, T. (2003). Perilaku Organisasi Konsep Dasar dan Aplikasinya. Jakarta: PT. Raya Grafindo.
Mills, C. J., & Bohannon, W. E. (1980). Personality characteristics of effective state police officers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65(6), 680–684. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.65.6.680
Moore, M. (1992). Problem solving and community policing. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Percy, S. L. (1980). Response Time and Citizen Evaluation of Police. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 8, 75–86.
Piaget, J. (1983). Piaget Theory of Cognitive Development (4th editio). New York: Wiley.
Rosenbaum, D. P., Schuck, A. M., Costello, S. K., Hawkins, D. F., & Ring, M. K. (2005). Attitudes Toward the Police: The Effects of Direct and Vicarious Experience. Police Quarterly, 8(3), 343–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611104271085
Rusinko, W. T., Johnson, K. W., & Hornung, C. A. (1978). The importance of police contact in the formulation of youths’ attitudes toward police. Journal of Criminal Justice, 6(1), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(78)90039-9
Sarlito, S. & Eko, M. (2009). Psikologi Sosial. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika.
Scaglion, R., & Condon, R. G. (1980). Determinants of Attitudes Toward City Police. Criminology, 17, 485–494.
Schack, S., & Frank, R. S. (1978). Police Service Delivery to the Elderly. ANNALS, 438(1), 81–95.
Snyder, H. N., Sickmund, M., & Poe-Yamagata, E. (1996). Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1996 Update on Violence. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Suharman. (2005). Psikologi Kognitif. Surabaya: Srikandi.
Taylor, T. J., Turner, K. B., Esbensen, F.-A., & Winfree Jr., L. T. (2001). Coppin’ an attitude: Attitudinal differences among juveniles toward police. Journal of Criminal Justice, 29(4), 295–305. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2352(01)00089-7
Toch, H., & Maguire, K. (2014). Public Opinion Regarding Crime, Criminal Justice, and Related Topics: A Retrospect. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 51(4), 424–444. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427813520444
Tyler, T. (1990). Why People Obey The Law. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and Motivation. New York: Wiley.
Webb, V. J., & Marshall, C. E. (1995). The relative importance of race and ethnicity on citizen attitudes toward the police. American Journal of Police, 14(2), 45–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/07358549510102749
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).