Menakar Kembali Otoritas Ulama: Antara Kesalehan dan Komodifikasi Agama

Authors

  • Mohammad Fattahun Ni'am UIN Sunan Kalijaga

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14421/jkii.v8i2.1349

Keywords:

Otoritas, Ulama, Kesalehan, Komodifikasi

Abstract

Di satu sisi, ulama harus bisa menjaga kesalehan agama dan prinsip-prinsip yang telah ditetapkan dalam Islam, namun di sisi lain mereka juga harus menghadapi tekanan untuk mengikuti tren dan mengkomodifikasi agama demi mendapatkan keuntungan. Otoritas ulama merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam Islam, yang bertugas sebagai pemimpin spiritual dan pemberi fatwa (keputusan) bagi umat Islam. Kini dengan bantuan media sosial ulama dapat mentransfer fatwa sekaligus melakukan praktik komodifikasi agama secara lebih mudah. Hal tersebut seperti apa yang dilakukan oleh Khalid Basalamah antara otoritasnya sebagai ulama dengan manhaj salafinya dan ambigurita bisnis yang ia miliki. Artikel ini mencoba untuk menakar kembali otoritas ulama dan membedah praktik kesalehan dan komodifikasi agama yang dilakukan oleh Khalid Basalamah. Dengan menggunakan studi analisis isi dan teori sosial otoritas Max Waber penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Khalid Basalamah mencerminkan bagaimana ketiga jenis otoritas Weber (rasionallegal, kharismatik, dan tradisional) berinteraksi dan bercampur dalam konteks otoritas ulama yang menghadapi tekanan antara menjaga kesalehan agama dan mengikuti tren bisnis. Khalid Basalamah terdorong untuk menjual produk-produk dengan branding agama demi meningkatkan popularitas dan pendapatan. Namun, terlalu banyak terpaku pada aspek komodifikasi dapat menjadi boomerang bagi otoritas ulama, karena dapat menurunkan martabat dan kesalehan ulama di mata umat.

[On the one hand, clerics must maintain religious piety and the principles set out in Islam, but on the other hand they must also face pressure to follow trends and commodify religion for profit. The authority of the ulama is one of the most important aspects of Islam, serving as spiritual leaders and fatwa (decree) givers for Muslims. Now, with the help of social media, ulama can transfer fatwas as well as commodify religion more easily. This is what Khalid Basalamah has done between his authority as a cleric with his salafi manhaj and his business octopus. This article tries to reassess the authority of the ulama and dissect the practice of piety and commodification of religion carried out by Khalid Basalamah. Using a content analysis study and Max Waber’s social theory of authority, this research finds that Khalid Basalamah reflects how Weber’s three types of authority (rational-legal, charismatic, and traditional) interact and mix in the context of clerical authority that faces pressure between maintaining religious piety and following business trends. Khalid Basalamah is compelled to sell products with religious branding to increase popularity and revenue. However, too much focus on the commodification aspect can be a boomerang for the authority of the ulama, as it can lower the dignity and piety of the ulama in the eyes of the people.]

 

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Published

2023-10-29

How to Cite

Mohammad Fattahun Ni’am. (2023). Menakar Kembali Otoritas Ulama: Antara Kesalehan dan Komodifikasi Agama. Jurnal Kajian Islam Interdisipliner, 8(2), 135–160. https://doi.org/10.14421/jkii.v8i2.1349

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