Forced Money (Dwangsom) in the Indonesian State Administrative Court System and Astreinte in French Conseil d'État
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/sh.v12i2.3140Keywords:
Dwangsom, Forced Money, Conseil d'État, State Administrative CourtAbstract
The administrative court system in Indonesia shares fundamental similarities with the state administrative court system in France. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the judicial systems in Indonesia and France, specifically focusing on examining the regulation of forced money penalties (dwangsom) in Indonesia. It has been around for about fourteen years since Law Number 51 of 2009 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 5 of 1986 concerning the State Administrative Court ("State Administrative Court Law); there are no implementing regulations, thus hindering the imposition of forced money in the decisions of the State Administrative Courts in Indonesia. As per the author's assertion, this circumstance can potentially diminish the effectiveness of the State Administrative Courts in Indonesia, undermining their ability to enforce judgments. In the context of legal matters, it is noteworthy to mention that the French Conseil d'État has taken measures to govern the issue of forced money penalties (astreinte), specifically regarding their execution and associated costs. The study used normative juridical. It also used a comparative method to normative juridical methods to analyze Indonesia's principles, norms, and legal system. Study findings indicate the urgent need to establish regulations on imposing forced money penalties within the Indonesian Administrative Court. This is crucial to mitigate challenges associated with enforcing forced money decisions, minimize financial losses resulting from errors in official services, and address the legal uncertainty surrounding the determination of forced money costs.
References
Abdullah, Rozali. Hukum Acara Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara. Cetakan ke-13. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2016.
Astomo, Putera. “Eksistensi Peradilan Administrasi Dalam Sistem Negara Hukum Indonesia.” Jurnal Yuridis Fakultas Hukum UPN Veteran Jakarta 1, no. 1 (2014): 42–56. https://doi.org/10.35586/.v1i1.140.
Baranyanan, Soeleman. “Efektifitas Eksekusi Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Berdasarkan Undang- Undang Nomor 51 Tahun 2009.” SASI 23, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 1. https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v23i1.153.
Benuf, Kornelius, and Muhamad Azhar. “Metodologi Penelitian Hukum sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer.” Gema Keadilan 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 20–33. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.7504.
Bimasakti, Muhammad Adiguna. Perbuatan Melawan Hukum (PMH) Oleh Pemerintah/Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad (OOD) dari Sudut Pandang Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintah. Yogyakarta: Deepublish Publisher, 2018.
Bunga, Marten. “Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Kompetensi Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara dalam Menyelesaikan Sengketa Tanah.” Gorontalo Law Review 1, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 39–49. https://doi.org/10.32662/golrev.v1i1.155.
Disyon, Huta, Elisatris Gultom, and Ema Rahmawati. “The Establishment of State-Owned-Holding-Company: A State’s Controlling Rights Perspective Based on Radbruch’s Theory.” Law Review 23, no. 1 (July 2023): 68–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/lr.v23i1.6995.
Fachruddin, Irfan. Konsekuensi Pengawasan Peradilan Adminitrasi Terhadap Tindakan Pemerintah. Bandung: Alumni, 2004.
Fadillah, Nor, Hariyanto Hariyanto, and Abdallah Mourtadhoi. “Legal Problems in Determining Factual Actions as Dispute Object of the State Administrative Court in Indonesia.” Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum 12, no. 1 (August 6, 2023): 1. https://doi.org/10.14421/sh.v12i1.2949.
Franco Ferrari, Giuseppe. “The Contracts of Public Administrations.” Revista de La Facultad de Derecho de México 68, no. 271 (June 23, 2018): 229. https://doi.org/10.22201/fder.24488933e.2018.271.65340.
Habibi, Dani. “Perbandingan Hukum Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara dan Verwaltungsgerecht sebagai Perlindungan Hukum Rakyat.” Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 21, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v21i1.12185.
Hasibuan, Ahmad Dahlan, and Ferry Aries Suranta. “Faktor Penyebab Tidak Dilaksanakannya Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dan Upaya Penanggulangannya.” Journal Mercatori 6, no. 2 (2013): 133–44. https://doi.org/10.31289/mercatoria.v6i2.637.
Heriyanto, Bambang. “Tinjauan Yuridis Implementasi Uang Paksa (Dwangsom) di Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara.” Jurnal Hukum Peratun 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 141–56. https://doi.org/10.25216/peratun.422021.141-156.
Ishak, Nuraika. “Politik Hukum Pengaturan Amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.” Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2016). https://doi.org/10.14421/sh.v5i2.2011.
Jaelani, Abdul Kadir. “Implementasi Daluarsa Gugatan Dalam Putusan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia.” Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum 18, no. 2 (2019): 56–70. https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v18i2.1090.
Lie, Erick Sambuari, Muhamad H Soepeno, and Adi T Koesumo. “Implikasi Hukum Pihak Yang Tidak Melaksanakan Putusan Pengadilan Dalam Perkara Perdata.” Lex Privatum 11, no. 3 (March 2, 2023).
Lubna. “Upaya Paksa Pelaksanaan Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum kepada Masyarakat.” Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan 3, no. 1 (April 20, 2015): 159–71. https://doi.org/10.12345/ius.v3i7.205.
Mulyadi, Lilik. Putusan Hakim Dalam Hukum Acara Pidana : Teori, Praktik, Teknik Penyusunan, Dan Permasalahannya. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2007.
———. Tuntutan Uang Paksa (Dwangsom) Dalam Teori Dan Praktik. Jakarta: Djambatan, 2001.
Pangaribuan, Togi. “Permasalahan Penerapan Klausula Pembatasan Pertanggungjawaban Dalam Perjanjian Terkait Hak Menuntut Ganti Kerugian Akibat Wanprestasi.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 49, no. 2 (July 5, 2019): 443. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol49.no2.2012.
Pattipawae, Dezonda Rosiana. “Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Di Era Otonomi.” SASI 25, no. 1 (August 24, 2019): 92. https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v25i1.151.
Pattipawae, Dezonda Rosiana, Hendrik Salmon, and Natanel Lainsamputty. “Due To The Legal Non-Compliance of State Administrative Officers With The Implementation of Forced Money (Dwangsom) In The Execution of State Administrative Decisions.” SASI 28, no. 2 (May 7, 2022): 182. https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v28i2.730.
Pradana, Arigo Henry, Indriati Amarini, and Ika Ariani Kartini. “Forced Efforts in the Execution of Decisions of the State Administrative Court.” UMPurwokerto Law Review 2, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 117. https://doi.org/10.30595/umplr.v2i2.9598.
Ramadhan, Nurfajrin, and Nila Sastrawati. “Urgensi Pembentukan Lembaga Eksekutor dalam Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara.” Alauddin Law Development Journal 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 249–61. https://doi.org/10.24252/aldev.v4i1.17147.
Rene, Seerden, and Frits Stroink. Administrative Law of the European Union, Its Member States and the United States. 2nd ed. Antwerpen: Netherlands:Intersentia Uitgever, 2007.
Salsabila, Orchida Nadia, Nilman Ghofur, and M. Misbahul Mujib. “Religious Rights and State Presence in John Locke’s Liberalism Perspective (Reflections on the 1984 Tanjung Priok Case).” Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum 12, no. 1 (August 26, 2023): 91. https://doi.org/10.14421/sh.v12i1.2957.
Sari, Putri Kemala. “Penerapan Upaya Paksa Dalam Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Kepada Pejabat Tata Usaha Negara.” Ius Civile: Refleksi Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan 1, no. 1 (2017).
Simanjuntak, Enrico. “Prospek Ombudsman Republik Indonesia Dalam Rangka Memperkuat Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Putusan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara.” Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 3, no. 2 (July 31, 2014): 163–76. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.3.2.2014.163-176.
———. “Restatement Tentang Yuridiksi Peradilan Mengadili Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Pemerintah.” Jurnal Hukum Peratun 2, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 165–90. https://doi.org/10.25216/peratun.222019.165-190.
Simorangkir, J.C.T, Rudy T Erwin, and J.T. Prasetyo. Kamus Hukum. Cet. 1. Jakarta: Aksara Baru, 1983.
Soleh, Mohammad Afifudin. “Eksekusi Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara yang Berkekuatan Hukum Tetap.” Mimbar Keadilan, September 7, 2018. https://doi.org/10.30996/mk.v0i0.1604.
Subekti, and R. Tjitrosoedibio. Kamus Hukum. Cet. 5. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita, 1980.
Suteki, Suteki. “Hegemoni Oligarki dan Ambruknya Supremasi Hukum.” Crepido: Jurnal Mengenai Dasar-Dasar Pemikiran Hukum Filsafat dan Ilmu Hukum 4, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 161–70. https://doi.org/10.14710/crepido.4.2.161-170.
Tan, David. “Metode Penelitian Hukum: Mengupas dan Mengulas Metodologi Dalam Menyelenggarakan Penelitian Hukum.” NUSANTARA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial 8, no. 8 (2021): 2463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/jips.v8i8.2021.2463-2478.
The Conseil d’État. “Air Pollution: Conseil d’État Orders Government to Pay 10 Million Euros.” DÉCISION DE JUSTICE, August 5, 2021. https://www.conseil-etat.fr/Pages-internationales/english/news/air-pollution-conseil-d-etat-orders-government-to-pay-10-million-euros.
———. “Air Pollution: The Conseil d’État Orders the French State to Pay Two Fines of €10 Million.” DÉCISION DE JUSTICE, October 17, 2022. https://www.conseil-etat.fr/Pages-internationales/english/news/air-pollution-the-conseil-d-etat-orders-the-french-state-to-pay-two-fines-of-10-million.
Tumpa, Harifin. Memahami Eksistensi Uang Paksa (Dwangsom) Dan Implementasinya Di Indonesia. Edisi 1 cetakan ke 2. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group, 2010.