Judgement without Sanction on Corporation's Forest Burning; Judges and In Dubio Pro Natura Principle in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/sxyk5019Keywords:
Judgement, Forest Burning, In Dubio Pro Natura PrincipleAbstract
The burning of forests and land for plantations continues to increase, while legal efforts and law enforcement face numerous challenges, particularly in the aspect of evidence. As a result, many cases of forest and land burning escape sanctions. In Indonesia, in the case decision No. 233/Pid.b/Lh.2020/Pn.Pbu and cassation verdict No. 3840 K/Pid.Sus.Lh/2021, the court acquitted the defendant, PT S, from responsibility for forest and land fires. This study aims to analyze the judge's considerations from the perspectives of justice, legal certainty, and environmental benefits, as well as to examine the application of the principle of in dubio pro natura in cases of environmental damage adjudicated by judges. The theoretical framework used is Gustav Radbruch's theory of legal objectives, which includes justice, legal certainty, and expediency. The findings indicate that the decisions of both the Court of First Instance and the Cassation Court failed to adequately address the principles of justice and expediency, particularly concerning environmental protection. While the principle of in dubio pro natura was referenced, the judges' reasoning relied heavily on the doctrine of legal certainty, focusing solely on evidence presented during the trial without sufficiently considering the facts at the site of the forest fires. The precautionary principle, which the defendants neglected, was also overlooked by the judges.
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