TWITTER: Expressing Hate Speech Behind Tweeting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v11i1.1378Keywords:
Habitus, Hate Speech, Prosumption, TwitterAbstract
This study explores on how Indonesian people use Twitter. Only one hundred and forty (in one tweet) characters are able to create unlimited tweets expressing an agenda, Twitter has a role as canalization of desire that their users cannot devote in offline world. This study will focus on the prosumption practice toward the use of Twitter behind tweeting to spread a variety of opinions, including hate speech, because the characters of cyberspace allow the formation of habitus toward virtual users that they can devote freely a certain emotion in cyberspace. This study critically analyzes the prosumption practices of creating hate speech behind tweeting. This study also discusses on how Twitter's characters are able to express hate speech by the users. The interaction of users to use Twitter in expressing hate speech has played a role on how the users construct the world.
Downloads
References
Internet in Everyday Life, London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Denegri-Knott, Janice dan Detlev Zwick. 2012. Tracking Prosumption Work on eBay: Reproduction of Desire and the Challenge of Slow Re-McDonaldization.
Hassan, Robert. 2012. The Age of Distraction. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
Kozinets, Robert V. 2010. Netnography: Doing Etnographic Research Online. London: SAGE Publications.
Journal:
Pawito, Pawito. (2014). Meneliti Ideologi Media : Catatan Singkat. Profetik Jurnal Komunikasi, Vol 7 No.1
Ritzer, George dan Jurgenson, Nathan. (2010). “Production, Consumption, Prosumption: The nature of capitalism in the age of the digital ‘prosumer’”. Journal of Consumer Culture, 10(1): 13–36. Publisher Sage Publications.
Ritzer, George. 2013. "Prosumption: Evolution, revolution, or eternal return of the same?". Journal of Consumer Culture, 0(0): 1–22. Publisher Sage Publications.
Young, Caleb. 2011. Does Freedom of Speech Include Hate Speech?. Res Publica (2011) 17:385–403.
Website:
Twitter. 2017. "Ad Policy: Hate content, sensitive topics, and violence." Twitter. Internet. <https://support.twitter.com/articles/20170425>. Accessed on 25 June 2017.
Law on Information and Electronic Transaction in Indonesia. Law no. 11 of 2008. Accessed on June 8, 2017. (https://www.anri.go.id/assets/ download/97UU-Nomor-11-Tahun-2008-Tentang-Informasi-dan-Transaksi-Elektronik.pdf).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Please find the rights and licenses in Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi by submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
2. Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User/Public Rights
Profetik's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, Profetik permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and Profetik on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications. Unless otherwise stated, the authors are public entities as soon as their articles got published.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;
Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights, The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books, The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, The right to self-archive the article (please read out deposit policy), The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal (Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi).
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. Profetik will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. Profetik will only communicate with the corresponding author.
6. Royalties
Being an open accessed journal and disseminating articles for free under the Creative Commons license term mentioned, author(s) aware that Profetik entitles the author(s) to no royalties or other fees.
7. Miscellaneous
Profetik will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. Profetik's editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers as mentioned in point 3.