SPORT COMMUNICATION: REVEALING THE USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL COMMUNICATION ON FOOTBALL COACHING PROCESS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v15i1.2302Keywords:
Football Coaching, Sport Communication, Instructional Communication, Relational PerspectiveAbstract
ASIFA is one of the most successful international standard football academies in football coaching. This success is inseparable from the communication process between coaches and students during coaching. During this time, research on sports communication highlighted the interaction between coaches and students that had not been widely studied from an instructional communication perspective. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the process of instructional communication between coaches and students in football coaching at ASIFA. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with three data collection techniques, i.e., observation, a document study, and in-depth interviews with coaches, students, and football coaching experts. The research results indicated that the process of instructional communication between coaches and students in football coaching at ASIFA could be identified through six interrelated elements: 1) Context; 2) Source – Sender; 3) Content – Message; 4) Instructional Strategy; 5) Receiver; and 6) Feedback. Through the perspective of instructional communication, it was found that there were conceptual differences between the roles of coaches and students in the coaching process. Practice-based coaching tended to use a rhetorical approach (one-way communication). Meanwhile, non-practical-based coaching used a relational approach (two-way communication). Then, this research contributed by producing a quadrant model of coaching communication in football coaching.
Downloads
References
Adhypoetra, R. R., & Putri, C. E. (2019). Pola Komunikasi Antar Pribadi Pelatih dan Siswa dalam Membangun Motif Berolahraga Sepakbola Usia Dini. Jurnal Pustaka Komunikasi, 2 (1), 118-130.
Billings, A. C. (2016). Defining sport communication. (First Edition). New York: Routledge.
Brink, M. S., Kuyvenhoven, J. P., Toering, T., Jordet, G., & Frencken, W. G. P. (2018). What do football coaches want from sport science? Kinesionlogy, 50 (1), 150–154. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324834815
Danurwindo, Putera, G., Sidik, B., & Prahara, J. L. (2017). Kurikulum Pembinaan Sepakbola Indonesia. Jakarta: Persatuan Sepakbola Seluruh Indonesia.
Davis, L., Jowett, S., & Tafvelin, S. (2019). Communication strategies: The fuel for quality coach-athlete relationships and athlete satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 10 (0), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02156
Fifa. (2021). Mens Football Rankings Fifa. Retrived from: https://www.fifa.com/fifa-world-ranking/ranking-table/men/
Hambrick, M. E. (2017). Sport communication research: A social network analysis. Sport Management Review, 20 (2), 170–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2016.08.002
Harahap, Z. (2020, July 10). Klasemen Abadi Timnas Indonesia di Piala AFF: Peringkat di Atas Malaysia Tapi Belum Pernah Juara. Bola.Com, Retrived From:https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/4300995/klasemen-abadi-timnas-indonesia-di-piala-aff-peringkat-di-atas-malaysia-tapi-belum-pernah-juara
Haugen, T., Riesen, J. F., Østrem, K., Høigaard, R., & Erikstad, M. K. (2020). The Relationship between Motivational Climate and Personal Treatment Satisfaction among Young Soccer Players in Norway: The Moderating Role of Supportive Coach-Behaviour. Sports, 8(12), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8120162
Kerssen-Griep, J., Hess, J. A., & Trees, A. R. (2003). Sustaining the desire to learn: Dimensions of perceived instructional facework related to student involvement and motivation to learn. Western Journal of Communication, 67(4), 357–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570310309374779
Khan, W., Marwat, N. M., Asghar, E., Irshad, A., Sultana, B., Ahmed, R., Muavia, U., & Farid, M. (2021). Development And Transfer Of Interpersonal Communication Skills Through Sport. Palarch’s Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/Egyptology, 18(10), 2978–2991.
Kim, Y., & Park, I. (2020). “Coach really knew what i needed and understood me well as a person”: Effective communication acts in coach–athlete interactions among Korean olympic archers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093101
Kompas.com. (2019, July 05). Paradigma Pembinaan Pemain Muda adalah Kunci Prestasi Sepak Bola. Biz.Kompas.Com. Retrived from: https://biz.kompas.com/read/2019/07/05/200410528/paradigma-pembinaan-pemain-muda-adalah-kunci-prestasi-sepak-bola
Kurniawan, A. (2018). Interpersonal Communication Strategy of Trainers and Player in Improving the Achievement of The Futsal Team of UPI Bandung (Qualitative Study of Putri UPI Bandung Futsal Team). Empowerment, 7(2), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.22460/empowerment.v7i2p20-29.970
Kustianto, F. (2020). Komunikasi Instruksional Pelatih dalam Membina Siswa Sepakbola Tiga Naga Football Academy and Soccer School Pekanbaru. JOM FISIP, 7(2), 1–15.
McCroskey, J. C., Valencic, K. M., & Richmond, V. P. (2004). Toward a general model of instructional communication. International Journal of Phytoremediation. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370409370192
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. (Third Edition). New York: Sage Publications.
Molyn, J., Haan, E. de, van der Veen, R., & Gray, D. E. (2021). The impact of common factors on coaching outcomes. Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Researchand Practice, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/17521882.2021.1958889
Morreale, S., Backlund, P., & Sparks, L. (2014). Communication Education and Instructional Communication: Genesis and Evolution as Fields of Inquiry. Communication Education, 63(4), 344–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2014.944926
Myers, S. A., Baker, J. P., Barone, H., Kromka, S. M., & Pitts, S. (2018). Using Rhetorical/Relational Goal Theory to Examine College Students’ Impressions of Their Instructors. Communication Research Reports, 35(2), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2017.1406848
Neuman, W. L., & Robson, K. (2018). Basics of Social Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Canada: Pearson Canada Inc.
Percy, W., & Dow, K. (2021). The coaching dance applied: training Chinese managers to coach. Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/17521882.2021.1965636
Richmond, V. P., Wrench, J. S., & Gorham, J. (2009). Communication , affect , & learning in the classroom. (3rd Edition). Tapestry Press.
Rohendi, A., & Rustiawan, H. (2020). Kebutuhan Sport Science pada Bidang Olahraga Prestasi. JOURNAL RESPECS, 2(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.31949/jr.v2i1.2013
Rosalia, N., Pratiwi, M. R., & Aliya, F. N. (2020). Interpersonal Communication Factors Forming Supportive Learning Environments At Dian Nuswantoro University Semarang. Profetik Jurnal Komunikasi, 13(1), 117–137. https://doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v13i1.1723
Setyo, B., Witriani, & Qibtiah, A. (2021). Media Literasi Di Kalangan Guru: Upaya Mencegah Ekstrimisme dan Radikalisasi Di Sekolah. Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi, 13(2), 356–367. https://doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v13i2.2002
Sosiawan, E. A., & Saptono, T. (2020). Coaching Communications Model For Improving Athlete Achievement. Proceeding on Political and Social Science(PSS), 200–207. https://doi.org/10.31098/pss.v1i1.197
SSI. (2019). Jenis Olah Raga Yang Paling Disukai Publik Indonesia. Skala Survei Indonesia. Retrived from: https://www.skalasurveiindonesia.com/jenis-olah-raga-yang-paling-disukai-publik-indonesia/
Sunay, H., Cengiz, R., & Yaşar, O. M. (2017). Investigation of the Communication Skills Levels of Football Trainers According to University Football Team Sports’ Perceptions. IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education, 4(1), 49–53. https://doi.org/10.9790/6737-04014953
Suteja, J. (2019, October 28). Prioritaskan Pembinaan Usia Muda, Kusnaeni Siapkan Konsep JOSS. Beritasatu.Com. Retrived from: https://www.beritasatu.com/bola/582370/prioritaskan-pembinaan-usia-muda-kusnaeni-siapkan-konsep-joss
Titsworth, S., McKenna, T. P., Mazer, J. P., & Quinlan, M. M. (2013). The Bright Side of Emotion in the Classroom: Do Teachers’ Behaviors Predict Students’ Enjoyment, Hope, and Pride?. Communication Education, 62(2), 191–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2013.763997
Turman, P.D. (2003a). Coaches and Cohesion: The Impact of Coaching Techniques on Team Cohesion in the Small Group Sport Setting. Journal of Sport Behavior, 26(1), 86.
Turman, P. D. (2003b). Athletic coaching from an instructional communication perspective: The influence of coach experience on high school wrestlers’ preferences and perceptions of coaching behaviors across a season. Communication Education, 52(2), 73–86.
Turman, P. D., & Schrodt, P. (2004). New avenues for instructional communication research: Relationships among coaches’ leadership behaviors and athletes’ affective learning. Communication Research Reports, 21(2), 130–143.
Webster, C. A. (2016). Expert Teachers’ Instructional Communication in Golf. International Journal of Sport Communication, 2(2), 205–222. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2.2.205
West, L. (2016). Coach-Athlete Communication: Coaching Style, Leadership Characteristics, and Psychological Outcomes. Human Movement, Sport and Leisure Studies, 1–71.
Yust, F. (2008). Communication strategies of successful coaches: a content analysis of books by coaches about coaching. Thesis: Department of Communication, The Rochester Institute of Technology.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Please find the rights and licenses in Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi by submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
2. Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User/Public Rights
Profetik's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, Profetik permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and Profetik on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications. Unless otherwise stated, the authors are public entities as soon as their articles got published.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;
Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights, The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books, The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, The right to self-archive the article (please read out deposit policy), The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal (Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi).
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. Profetik will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. Profetik will only communicate with the corresponding author.
6. Royalties
Being an open accessed journal and disseminating articles for free under the Creative Commons license term mentioned, author(s) aware that Profetik entitles the author(s) to no royalties or other fees.
7. Miscellaneous
Profetik will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. Profetik's editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers as mentioned in point 3.
