Ilmuwan Muslim: Ibnu Sina Pelopor Aromaterapi dan Destilasi Essential Oil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/thaq.2022.21205Kata Kunci:
Ibnu Sina, aromaterapi, distilasi, al-Qānūn fī at-ṬibbAbstrak
Abstract: The use of essential oils in aromatherapy has numerous positive impacts on mental and physical health. Interestingly, the pioneering scientist in this field was a Muslim scholar, Ibn Sina. The purpose of this research is to investigate the pioneers of essential oil distillation, including the methods used and the first plants that were distilled for aromatherapy. In addition, we aim to explore how Ibn Sina's work became a reference for centuries. The research method employed is descriptive and qualitative. Our findings reveal that Avicenna (381-428 H/980-1037 AD) was the first scientist to invent a distillation apparatus, and he utilized steam distillation to extract essential oils from plants, a method still in use today. The first plant to be distilled was the rose, which made a significant contribution to the development of the fragrance and cosmetic industry. Lastly, Avicenna's book, al-Qānūn Fī at-Ṭibb, translated by Gerard of Cremona, became a mainstay reference in the field of medicine in universities for centuries, up until the 18th century.
Abstrak: Penggunaan minyak atsiri sebagai aromaterapi membawa banyak pengaruh positif dalam bidang kesehatan, baik mental maupun fisik, ternyata pelopornya adalah seorang ilmuwan muslim yaitu Ibnu Sina. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dan siapa perintis pertama penyulingan minyak atsiri, bagaimana metode penyulingan dan tumbuhan pertama yang disuling untuk aromaterapi, serta bagaimana karya Ibnu Sina menjadi rujukan selama berabad-abad. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Avicenna (381-428 H/980-1037 M) adalah ilmuwan pertama yang menemukan alat penyulingan, dengan metode yang ditemukan adalah penyulingan uap yang masih digunakan sampai sekarang untuk memperoleh minyak atsiri dari tumbuh-tumbuhan. Juga tanaman pertama yang disuling adalah bunga mawar yang memberikan kontribusi besar bagi perkembangan atras dan industri, terakhir adalah kitab al-Qānūn fī at-Ṭibb yang menjadi rujukan selama berabad-abad hingga abad ke-18, yang diterjemahkan oleh Gerard of Cremona dan dijadikan referensi utama dalam bidang kedokteran di perguruan tinggi.
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