Aset Penghidupan Penyandang Paraplegia Sebelum dan Setelah Bencana Gempa Bumi di Kabupaten Bantul
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/panangkaran.2020.0402-04Keywords:
Earthquakes, New Disabled, Persons with Paraplegia, Livelihood Assets, Livelihood Strategies.Abstract
People with paraplegia of victims of the earthquake in Bantul District in 2006 were new disabled people who suffered spinal damage and used a wheelchair for daily mobility. A new diffable is someone who became disabled not from birth but because of an accident, natural disaster and degenerative pain. The number of people with paraplegia in 2006 earthquake was 442 people. The amount is not small that requires policy and treatment so they can continue their lives properly. An assessment of livelihood assets after a disaster (being disabled) is important to do. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in the condition of livelihood assets before the disaster, shortly after the disaster and current conditions. The locations of this study were six sub-districts in Bantul Regency with the largest number of paraplegia sufferers with a population of 124 people, and 44 people are taken using stratified random sampling. The data were taken using using a questionnaire. The analysis used is a scale assessment. The research results show that human capital, physical capital and financial capital have decreased from before the earthquake disaster, while social capital has increased in conditions after the earthquake disaster. Improvement of the livelihoods condition from shortly after the disaster to the current condition (10 years after the disaster) is influenced by two factors, they are the livelihood strategies of people with paraplegia and the government, NGO and family support interventions.
[Penyandang paraplegia korban bencana gempa bumi di Kabupaten Bantul tahun 2006 merupakan difabel baru yang mengalami kerusakan tulang belakang dan mobilitas sehari-hari menggunakan kursi roda. Difabel baru adalah seseorang yang menjadi difabel bukan sejak lahir tetapi karena kecelakaan, bencana alam dan sakit degeneratif. Jumlah penyandang paraplegia akibat gempa bumi tahun 2006 yaitu 442 orang. Jumlah yang tidak sedikit ini memerlukan kebijakan dan penanganan agar mereka dapat melanjutkan kehidupannya secara layak. Asesmen mengenai aset penghidupan setelah bencana (menjadi difabel) penting untuk dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan kondisi aset penghidupan sebelum bencana, sesaat setelah bencana dan kondisi saat ini. Lokasi penelitian adalah enam kecamatan di Kabupaten Bantul dengan jumlah penyandang paraplegia terbanyak dengan jumlah populasi 124 orang, dan diambil sampel dengan metode stratified random sampling sebanyak 44 orang. Pengambilan data dengan teknik survei menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis yang digunakan adalah penilaian skala. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal manusia, modal fisik dan modal keuangan mengalami penurunan dari sebelum bencana gempa bumi, sedangkan modal sosial mengalami kenaikan pada kondisi setelah bencana gempa bumi. Peningkatan kondisi aset penghidupan dari sesaat setelah bencana menjadi kondisi saat ini (10 tahun setelah bencana) dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor yaitu strategi penghidupan penyandang paraplegia dan intervensi pemerintah, LSM dan daya dukung keluarga.]
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