DIALEKTIKA TAFSIR DAN KEMAJUAN PENGETAHUAN DALAM TRANSPLANTASI ORGAN BABI PADA MANUSIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.2020.2101-01Keywords:
Organ Transplants, Pigs, ContextualAbstract
The advancement of knowledge and technology presents its own challenges to Muslims’ socio-religious life. One of them is the progress in the medical field regarding organ transplants of animals to humans. Religious problems arise when animals used in transplantation are those that are deemed unlawful (haram) by Islamic texts. On the one hand, organ transplants provide benefits for humanity, but on the other, donors of transplants are unlawful animals. This paper examines the lawfulness of using the body parts of pigs, whose unlawfulness is stated in many verses of the Qur'an. This study uses a contextual interpretation introduced by Abdullah Saeed. Based on contextual considerations, this study concludes that QS. al-Baqarah: 173, QS. al-Maidah: 3, QS. al-Anam: 145 and QS. an-Nahl: 115 prohibit pork for consumption. The commentators of the Qur’an have differences of opinion concerning the uses of pigs beyond consumption. This paper suggests that using the body parts of pigs is legitimate. This is reinforced by QS. al-Baqarah: 173 which explains an emergency context. Pigs do not belong to the category of najis ‘aini, which allows it to be transplanted into the human body. However, some conditions need to be fulfilled for transplantation. The transplantation permitted if these is not rise risk of further to harm and a recommendation from the doctor about the patient's condition.
Abstract viewed: 2362 times
|
PDF downloaded = 3887 times
References
Aibak, Kutbuddin. Kajian Fiqh Kontemporer. Yogyakarta: Teras, 2009.
Al-’Ash’ath. Sunan Abû Dawd. Vol. 4. Beirut: al-Maktabah al-’Aṣriyah, n.d.
Al-Alûsî, Maḥmûd. Rûh Al-Ma’anî Fî Tafsîr Al-Qur’an Al-’Aẓîm Wa Al-Sab’î Al-Mathânî. Vol. 2. Beirut: Dâr Iḥyâ’ al-Turâth al-’Arâbî, n.d.
Al-Ashfahânî, al-Husain bin Muḥammad al-Raghîb. Al-Mufradât Fî Gharîb Al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dâr al-Qalam, 1412.
Al-Bâqi, Muhammad Fuad Abd al-Bâqî. Al-Mu’jam Al-Mufahraz Li Alfaẓ Al-Qur’an. Kairo: Maktabah Dâr al-Kutb al-Miṣriyah, n.d.
Al-Bukhâri, Muḥammad bin Ismaîl. ṣaḥîḥ Al-Bukhârî. Vol. 7. Kairo: Dâr al-Shu’ub, 1407.
Al-Jaṣṣâṣ, Aḥmad bin Alî. Aḥkâm Al-Qur’an. Vol. 1. Bairut: Dâr Iḥyâ’ al-Kutub al-’Arabiyah, 1992.
Al-Jawharî, Ṭanṭawî. Tafsîr Al-Wasîd. Vol. 1. Kairo: Dâr Nahḍah Misr, 1997.
Al-Nawawi, Yahya bin Shraf. Al-Majmû’ Sharḥ Al-Muhadhdhab. Vol. 2. Jeddah: Maktabah al-Irshâd, 2008.
Al-Qurtubi, Muḥammad bin Aḥmad. Al-Jâmi’ Li Aḥkâm Al-Qur’an. Kairo: Dâr al-Kutb al-Ilmiyah, 1964.
Al-Râzî, Fakr al-Dîn. Mafâtiḥ Al-Ghayb. Vol. 5. Bairut: Dâr al-Fikr, 1981.
Al-Sha’râwî, Muḥammad Mutawalli. Mu’jizah Al-Qur’an. Vol. 1. Kairo: Akhbar al-Yawm, n.d.
Al-Suyuṭi, Jalâl al-Dîn. Lubâb Al-Nuqûl Fî Asbâb Al-Nuzûl. Bairut: Muassasah al-Kutub al-Thaqâfah, 2002.
Al-Ṭabarî, Muḥammad bin Jarîr. Jâmi’ Al-Bayân Fî Ta’wîl Al-Qur’an. Vol. 9. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risâlah, 2000.
Al-Zarqânî, Muḥammad ’Abd al-’Aẓîm. Manâhil Al-’Irfân. Vol. 1. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr, 1988.
Al-Zuhaylî, Wahbah. Al-Fiqh Al-Islâmî Wa Adilatuh. Vol. 1. Damaskus: Dâr al-Fikr, 1984.
———. Al-Tafsîr Al-Munîr. Vol. 2. Damaskus: Dâr al-Fikr, 1418.
———. Tafsîr Al-Wasîṭ. Vol. 1. Damaskus: Dâr al-Fikr, 1422.
Anbiya, Fatya Permata, Rani Andriani Koswara, and Yelvi Andri Z. Kamus Saku Inggris-Indonesia: Indonesia-Inggris. Jakarta: TransMedia, 2013.
Ashûr, Muḥammad al-ṭâhir. Al-Tahrîr Wa Al-Tanwîr. Tunisia: al-Dâr al-Tawnisah li al-Nashr, 1984.
Cooper, David K.C., and Robert P. Lanza. Xeno: The Promise of Transplanting Animal Organs into Humans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Hamka. Tafsir Al-Azhar. Vol. 3. Singapura: Pustaka Nasional, 2007.
Hanbal, Aḥmad bin Muḥammad bin. Musnad Al-Imâm Aḥmad Bin Hanbal. Vol. 31. Bairut: Muassasah al-Risâlah, 2001.
Haswir, Haswir. “HUKUM MENDONORKAN DAN MENTRANSPLANTASI ANGGOTA TUBUH DALAM ISLAM.” Al-Fikra 10, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 272–307. https://doi.org/10.1234/AF.V10I2.3844.
Ibn Sidah, Ali bin Ismail. Al-Muḥkam Wa Al-Muhîd Al-A’ẓam. Bairut: Dâr al-Kutb al-Ilmiyah, 2000.
Indonesia, Republik. Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 1992 (n.d.).
Jamali, Lia Laquna. “TRANSPLANTASI ORGAN TUBUH MANUSIA PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN.” Diya Al-Afkar: Jurnal Studi Al-Quran Dan Al-Hadis 7, no. 01 (June 30, 2019): 113. https://doi.org/10.24235/diyaafkar.v7i01.4531.
Kathîr, Ismâil bin Umar bin. Tafsîr Al-Qur’an Al-’Aẓîm. Riyâḍ: Dâr al-ṭayyibah, 1999.
Khalâf, Abd al-Wahâb. Maṣâdir Al-Tashrî’ Al-Islâmî Fî Mâ Lâ Naṣṣ Fîh. Kairo: Dâr al-’Arabî, 1955.
Kusuma, Ade Indra. “China Sukses Transplantasi Kornea Babi Ke Mata Manusia, Apa Kata Dokter?” Accessed October 8, 2019. https://www.suara.com/health/2019/09/13/163656/china-sukses-transplantasi-mata-manusia-dengan-kornea-babi-ini-kata-dokter.
———. “Heboh Kornea Babi, Ini Organ Manusia Yang Bisa Ditransplantasi Dengan Hewan.” Accessed October 8, 2019. https://www.suara.com/health/2019/09/14/081500/heboh-kornea-babi-ini-organ-manusia-yang-bisa-ditransplantasi-dengan-hewan.
Nata, Abuddin. Masa’il Al-Fiqhiyah. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Grup, 2014.
Purnomo Setyawan, Bayu, and Danang Agus Setiawan Untung Saputra. “ANALISIS YURIDIS NORMATIF TERKAIT TRANSPLANTASI DAN JUAL BELI ORGAN TUBUH MANUSIA DITINJAU DARI PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN.” In Seminar Universitas PGRI Semarang: Seminar Hasil-Hasil Penelitian 2017, 22–32. Semarang: SNHP, 2017.
Quṭb, Sayyid. Fî ẓilâl Al-Qur’an. Vol. 1. Kairo: Dâr al-Shurûq, 2003.
Riḍâ, Muḥammad Rashîd. Tafsîr Al-Mannâr. Vol. 2. Mesir: al-Hay’ah al-Miṣriyah al-’Ammah li al-Kitâb, 1990.
Rohmah, Lailatur. “Kontekstualisasi Hadis Tentang Transplantasi.” Hikmah Journal of Islamic Studies 14, no. 2 (2018).
Saeed, Abdullah. Reading the Qur’an in The Twenty-First Century: A Contextualist Appoach. London: Routledge, 2014.
Saifullah. “TRANSPLANTASI ORGAN TUBUH (Perspektif Hukum Islam, Hukum Positif Dan Etika Kedokteran).” Al-Mursalah: Jurnal Hukum Islam 2, no. 1 (2016).
Shaḥrûr, Muḥammad. Al-Kitâb Wa Al-Qur’an: Qira’ah Mu’aṣirah. Damaskus: al-Ahâli li al-Naṣr wa al-Tawzi’, 1992.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, Kesan, Dan Keserasian Al-Qur’an. Vol. 3. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2009.
Suminar, Sri Ratna. “ASPEK HUKUM Dan FIQIH TENTANG TRANSAKSI ORGAN TUBUH UNTUK TRANSPLANTASI ORGAN TUBUH MANUSIA.” Syiar Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 12, no. 1 (2010): 33–48. https://doi.org/10.29313/SH.V12I1.624.
Zuhdi, Masyfuk. Masail Fiqhiyah: Kapita Selekta Hukum Islam. Jakarta: PT Toko Gunung Agung, 1997.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Publishing your paper with Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu al-Qur'an dan Hadis means that the author or authors retain the copyright in the paper. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu al-Qur'an dan Hadis uses license CC-BY-NC-ND or an equivalent license as the optimal license for the publication, distribution, use, and reuse of scholarly works. This license permits anyone to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, translate, transform or build upon the material you may use it for private use only and not for distribution. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu al-Qur'an dan Hadis granted an exclusive non-commercial reuse license by the author(s), but the author(s) are able to put the paper onto a website, distribute it to colleagues, give it to students, use it in your thesis, etc, so long as the use is not directed at a commercial advantage or toward private monetary gain. The author(s) can reuse the figures and tables and other information contained in their paper published by Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu al-Qur'an dan Hadis in future papers or work without having to ask anyone for permission, provided that the figures, tables, or other information that is included in the new paper or work properly references the published paper as the source of the figures, tables or other information, and the new paper or work is not direct at a private monetary gain or commercial advantage.
Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu al-Qur'an dan Hadis journal Open Acces articles are distrubuted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Article can be read, copy and redistribute the material ini any medium or format under the following conditions:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
