Broadcasting Umrah through the Hadith of Hajj Badal in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era.

Authors

  • Subkhani Kusuma Dewi Western Sydney University, Australia
  • Muhammad Akmaluddin UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.v24i2.4739

Keywords:

Badal Hajj, Ethics, COVID-19, Social Media

Abstract

This article delves into an extensive project concerning the development of the umrah industry in Indonesia and its relationship with the interpretation of Hadith. Specifically, it examines the impact of the pandemic on this brief pilgrimage practice in Indonesia, a predominantly Muslim society. Despite the economic setbacks, the pandemic has significantly influenced the widespread use of social media globally. Indonesian Muslims, being active netizens, have shown a strong desire to reconnect with the sacred sites in Mecca and Medina. This article employs a multifaceted approach to investigate the utilization of social media by Indonesian muṭawwifs-vloggers, employing intersecting methodologies. Firstly, it conducts a textual study focusing on thematic badal Umrah. Secondly, it involves (online) observations and  participation in the activities of various muṭawwifs vloggers based in Saudi Arabia. The result of this research is that cyber-mediated Umrah experiences cannot fully substitute the physical pilgrimage journey. Badal Umrah, primarily rooted in the badal Hajj Hadiths. It emerges as a crucial practice during times of crises and being used as legitimacy inoffering assistance to those who are physically unable to undertake the journey. Consequently, there has been an increased acceptance of Hadiths related to Hajj and Umrah during the pandemic, ." In addition, Muṭawwifs play a pivotal role in facilitating communication between i forced mobility of aspiring pilgrims during the pandemic, thereby emphasizing the importance of ethical considerations. Lastly, the activities in the cyber-space realm align with three essential dimensions: providing an imaginative travel experience for dispersed audiences, engaging muṭawwifs as navigators in the cyber-space, and addressing ethical considerations concerning badal Umrah amidst health and financial challenges.

Author Biography

Subkhani Kusuma Dewi, Western Sydney University, Australia

Profile

Google Scholar

Sinta ID: 6074435

Subject Area: Hadith Studies

Official email: subkhani.dewi@uin-suka.ac.id

 

Abstract viewed: 532 times | PDF downloaded = 393 times

References

Al-Ajarma, Kholoud, and Marjo Buitelaar. “Social Media Representations of the Pilgrimage to Mecca: Challenging Moroccan and Dutch Mainstream Media Frames.” Journal of Muslims in Europe 10, no. 2 (March 29, 2021): 146–67. https://doi.org/10.1163/22117954-BJA10027.

Alam, Gilang Nur, Obsatar Sinaga, Djoko Roespinoedji, and Fuad Azmi. “The Impacts Of Covid-19 To Saudi Arabia’s Economic Sector And Hajj Pilgrimage Policy Of The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia.” Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 8 (April 24, 2021): 463–72. https://doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i8.2823.

al-Islām Su’āl wa Jawāb. “al-Taukīl fī Adā’ al-‘Umrah ‘an al-Mayyit.” al-Islām Su’āl wa Jawāb, 2009.

https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/142234

al-Lajnah al-Dā’imah li al-Buḥūṡ al-‘Ilmiyyah wa al-Iftā.’ Fatāwī Al-Lajnah al-Dā’imah al-Majmū‘ah al-Ṡāniyah. Edited by Aḥmad bin ‘Abd al-Razzāq al-Dawīsy. Riyadh: Ri’āsah Idārah al-Buḥūṡ al-‘Ilmiyyah wa al-Iftā,’ 2003.

Apa Sih Badal Umrah Itu?? Bagaimana Pelaksanaannya? Kupas Langsung Depan Ka’bah, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFQFO443iW8.

‘Asqalānī, Aḥmad bin ‘Alī bin Ḥajar al-. Fatḥ Al-Bārī Bi Syarḥ al-Bukhārī. Kairo: al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah, 1970.

Bā ‘Isyin, Sa‘īd bin Muḥammad Bā ‘Alī. Busyrā Al-Karīm Bi Syarḥ Masā’il al-Ta‘līm. Jeddah: Dār al-Minhāj, 2004.

Bustī, Muḥammad bin Ḥibbān al-. Al-Musnad al-Ṣaḥīḥ ‘alā al-Taqāsīm Wa al-Anwā‘ Min Ghair Wujūd Qaṭ‘ Fī Sanadihā Wa Lā Ṡubūt Jarḥ Fī Nāqilīhā. Edited by Muḥammad ‘Alī Sūnimiz and Khālīṣ Āy Damīr. Beirut: Dār Ibn Ḥazm, 2012.

Caidi, Nadia, Susan Beazley, and Laia Marquez. “Holy Selfies: Performing Pilgrimage in the Age of Social Media.” The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion 2, no. 1–2 (February 14, 2018): 8–31. https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v2i1/2.32209.

Dadouch, Sarah, and Erin Cunningham. “For a Second Year, Coronavirus Shrinks Saudi Arabia’s Once Immense Hajj Pilgrimage.” Washington Post, July 19, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/07/19/covid-19-global-updates-england-celebrates-freedom-day-experts-blast-lifting-restrictions/.

Dewi, Subkhani Kusuma. “Research Fieldnote,” June 23, 2021.

Ebrahim, Shahul H, and Ziad A Memish. “Saudi Arabia’s Drastic Measures to Curb the COVID-19 Outbreak: Temporary Suspension of the Umrah Pilgrimage.” Journal of Travel Medicine 27, no. 3 (May 18, 2020): taaa029. https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa029.

Ibn Bāz, ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd Allāh bin Bāz. Fatāwī Nūr ‘alā al-Darb. Edited by Muḥammad bin Sa‘d al-Syuwai‘ir. Riyadh: al-Ri’āsah al-‘Ammah al-Buḥūṡ al-‘Ilmiyyah wa al-Iftā,’ 2007.

Ibn Ḥazm, ‘Alī bin Aḥmad al-Andalusī. Al-Muḥallā Bi al-Āṡār. Edited by Iḥsān ‘Abbās. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, n.d.

Ibn Mājah, Muḥammad bin Yazīd al-Qazwīnī. Sunan Ibn Mājah. Edited by Syu‘aib al-Arnā’uṭ et. al. Beirut: Dār ar-Risālah al-‘Ālamiyyah, 2009.

Ibn Qudāmah, ‘Abd Allāh bin Aḥmad. Al-Mughnī. Edited by Ṭāhā al-Zainī, Maḥmūd ‘Abd al-Wahhāb Fāyid, ‘Abd al-Qādir ‘Aṭā, and Maḥmūd Ghānim Ghaiṡ. Kairo: Maktabah al-Qāhirah, 1986.

Islām Web. “al-Ḥajj wa al-‘Umrah ‘an al-Ḥayy wa al-Mayyit Aḥkām wa Adillah.” Islām Web, 2005.

https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/69673/الحج-والعمرة-عن-الحي-والميت-أحكام-وأدلة.

Jabūrī, Aḥmad Naṣīf Jāsim al-. “Tikrār Al-‘Umrah Fī al-Safar al-Wāḥid: Dirāsah Fiqhiyyah Muqāranah.” Majallah Al-‘Ulūm al-Islāmiyyah 24 (2013): 209–50.

Jazeera, Al. “Ḥajj al-Badal yataḥawwal ilā Samsarah.” Aljazeera, 2010. https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2010/10/31/

Kabar Hari Ini! Umroh Dibuka Dan Usia Dibawah 18 Sudah Diperbolehkan, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9Ewin10Rrs.

Kankūhī, Rasyīd Aḥmad al-. Al-Kaukab al-Durrī ‘alā Jāmi‘ al-Tirmiżī. Edited by Muḥammad Zakariyyā bin Muḥammad Yaḥyā al-Kāndahlawī. Maṭba‘ah Nadwah al-‘Ulamā’ al-Hind, 1975.

Kāsānī, Abū Bakr bin Mas‘ūd al-. Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘ Fī Tartīb al-Syarā’i‘. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1910.

Kementerian Agama RI. “856 Jemaah Umrah Transit Selamat Tiba Di Indonesia.” Kementerian Agama RI, March 1, 2020.

https://haji.kemenag.go.id/v4/856-jemaah-umrah-transit-selamat-tiba-di-indonesia.

Khaṭṭābī, Ḥamd bin Muḥammad bin Ibrāhīm al-Bustī al-. Ma‘ālim al-Sunan Syarḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd. Aleppo: al-Maṭba‘ah al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1932.

KSA, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “The Kingdom Is Closely Following the Developments of the Spread of the New Coronavirus.” Al Jazeera, February 27, 2020. https://www.spa.gov.sa/2039971.

MacWilliams, Mark W. “Virtual Pilgrimages on the Internet.” Religion 32, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 315–35. https://doi.org/10.1006/reli.2002.0408.

Malik, Abdul. “Badal Haji.” Jurnal Raudhah 4, no. 1 (November 9, 2016). https://doi.org/10.30829/raudhah.v4i1.64.

Mayasari, Nuki. “Recharging Faith: The Practice of Multiple Umrah Trips Among Middle Class in Yogyakarta.” PhD Thesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2014.

Mubārakfūrī, Muḥammad bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-. Tuḥfah Al-Aḥważī Bi Syarḥ Jāmi‘ al-Tirmiżī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, n.d.

Nasikhin, Ismutik, Ulul Albab, and Baiti Al Ami. “Permasalahan Pelaksanaan Badal Haji Di Indonesia.” Al-Ittihad: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 2 (2021): 15–27.

Nawawī, Yaḥyā bin Syaraf al-. Al-Īḍāḥ Fī Manāsik al-Ḥajj Wa al-‘Umrah. Beirut: Dār al-Basyā’ir al-Islāmiyyah, 1994.

NU Online. “Niat Badal Umrah.” NU Online, 2019. https://islam.nu.or.id/haji-umrah-dan-kurban/niat-badal-umrah-jIj5b.

Nurdin, Roswati, and H. Rajab. “The Practice of Hajj Substitution in Indonesia: The Search for Legal Certainty through Usul al-Fiqh Approach.” Al-Risalah: Forum Kajian Hukum Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan 20, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 217–29. https://doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v20i2.576.

Pelaksanaan Amanah Badal Umroh Untuk Almarhum Dan Almarhumah, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-vBoxN5e_k.

Pelaksanaan Tawaf Umroh Ke Dua 07 Okt 2020 Setelah Pembukaan Umroh 04 Okt 2020, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hudsk8dA24o.

Perjalanan Umrah Di Tengah Malam Rasanya Seperti Ini.. Bareng @Muhammad Sofi AW, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSLrpTaIZhA.

Qaḥṭānī, Sa‘īd bin ‘Alī al-. Al-‘Umrah Wa al-Ḥajj Wa al-Ziyārah Fī Ḍau’ al-Kitāb Wa al-Sunnah: Faḍā’il Wa Ādāb Wa Aḥkām Wa Ad‘iyah Jāmi‘ah. Riyadh: Fihrisah al-Malik Fahd al-Waṭaniyyah, 1994.

Qurṭubī, Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-. Al-Jāmi‘ Li Aḥkām al-Qur’Ān. Edited by Aḥmad al-Bardūnī and Ibrāhīm Uṭfaisy. Kairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣriyyah, 1964.

Rahmadanil. “Pelaksanaan Badal Haji Sebagai Profit Ditinjau Dari Hukum Islam.” Qawãnïn Journal of Economic Syaria Law 5, no. 1 (January 24, 2021): 101–16. https://doi.org/10.30762/qawanin.v5i1.3423.

Raj, Razaq, and Dino Bozonelos. “COVID-19 Pandemic: Risks Facing Hajj and Umrah.” International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage 8, no. 7 (November 18, 2020). https://doi.org/10.21427/awkb-8f25.

Sandi, Ferry. “Haji Batal & Umroh Setop, Agen Perjalanan Rugi Triliunan.” CNBC Indonesia, June 2, 2020.

https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20200602181033-4-162558/haji-batal-umroh-setop-agen-perjalanan-rugi-triliunan.

Sijistānī, Sulaimān bin al-Asy‘aṡ al-Azdī al-. Sunan Abī Dāwūd. Edited by M. Muḥyī al-Dīn ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd. Sidon: al-Maktabah al-‘Aṣriyyah, n.d.

Sindī, Muḥammad bin ‘Abd al-Hādī al-. Kifāyah Al-Ḥajah Fī Syarḥ Sunan Ibn Mājah. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl, n.d.

Stanton, Andrea. “Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Hajj Apps: Managing the Operations and Piety of the Hajj.” Journal of Religion Media and Digital Culture 9 (October 23, 2020): 228–46. https://doi.org/10.1163/21659214-BJA10020.

Syirbinī, Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-. Mughnī Al-Muḥtāj Ilā Ma‘rifah Ma‘ānī Alfāẓ al-Minhāj. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1994.

Tirmiżī, Muḥammad bin Īsā bin Saurah al-. Jāmi‘ al-Tirmiżī. Edited by Aḥmad Muḥammad Syākir. Mesir: Musṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī, 1975.

Travel Umroh Haji. “Dalil dan Hadits Shahih Tentang Badal Haji dan Umroh,” 2018. https://www.travelumrohhaji.co.id/2018/10/hadits-badal-haji-umroh.html.

‘Ulaisy, Muḥammad bin Aḥmad. Minaḥ Al-Jalīl Syarḥ Mukhtaṣar Khalīl. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1984.

“‘Umrah.” In Al-Mauṣū‘ah al-Fiqhiyyah al-Kuwaitiyyah. Kuwait: Wizārah al-Auqāf wa al-Syu’ūn al-Islāmiyyah, 1983.

Umrah Hari Kedua Membacakan Titipan Do’a Dari Para Saudara Subscriber Di Hadapan Masjdil Haram, 2020.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTCXiYszfAo.

YouTube. “Bung Has.” Accessed December 20, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/@bunghas5874.

YouTube. “Muhammad Sofi AW.” Accessed June 26, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/@MuhammadSofiAW.

Downloads

Published

31-07-2023

How to Cite

Dewi, S. K., & Akmaluddin, M. (2023). Broadcasting Umrah through the Hadith of Hajj Badal in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis, 24(2), 231–252. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.v24i2.4739

Issue

Section

Articles