Semiotic Analysis on Head Nod Ijab Qabûl of Deaf Groom in Islamic Marriage Law
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article aims to analyze the semantic side of a deaf wedding contract which interprets the contract with a nod of the head as the sign language. This qualitative research uses a phenomenological approach that reveals the experiences of three people in Bengkulu in 2021. In this case, the phenomenon in question is a nod of the head as an ijab qabûl. This study is interpreted by Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory, which states that a sign is something used by an icon through an object so that it can function as a meaning for the interpretant. The analysis concluded that Deaf who nodded their heads as the qabûl words meant approval. Looking at Muslim scholar's opinions, especially as-Syarqâwi and al-Malibari, if the head nod means acceptance like such a phenomenon, the marriage contract of the Deaf is considered valid in Islamic law because the essence of qabûl is receiving an offer from the guardian of the bride.
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sisi semantik akad pernikahan Tuli yang mengucapkan akadnya dengan anggukan kepala sebagai bahasa isyaratnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi yang mengungkap pengalaman kejadian ijab qabûl yang dilakukan oleh tiga orang Tuli di kota Bengkulu pada tahun 2021. Dalam hal ini, fenomena yang dimaksud adalah anggukan kepala sebagai ijab qabûl. Kajian ini dianalisis dengan teori semiotik Charless Sanders Peirce yang menyatakan bahwa tanda adalah sesuatu yang digunakan oleh suatu ikon melalui suatu objek sehingga dapat berfungsi sebagai pemaknaan bagi interpretan. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Tuli yang menganggukkan kepalanya sebagai kata qabûl bermakna persetujuan. Sejalan dengan pendapat ulama fikih, terutama menurut as-Syarqâwi dan al-Malibari, perkawinan Tuli yang demikian dianggap sah dalam hukum Islam karena hakikat qabûl adalah mendapat izin dari wali pengantin perempuan.
Downloads
Abstract Viewed = 319 times
PDF downloaded = 182 times
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
* Author(s) are the copyrigth holder(s) of their published articles and to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
References
al-Anshariy, A. Y. Z. (1998). Fath al-Wahhâb bi Syarhi Minhaj at-Ṭullâb. Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah.
al-Kihn, M., al-Bugha, M., & as-Syarbaji, A. (2000). Al-Fiqh al-Manhaji ‘Alâ Mazhab al-Imam asy-Shafî’i. Dar al-Qalam.
al-Malibari, Z. bin A. A. al-Fannani. (2004). Fathul Mu`în bi Syarh Qurratil ‘Ain Bi Muhimmât ad-Dîn. Dar Ibnu Hazm.
al-Qurtubi, A. A. M. bin A. A. (1967). Al-Jami` li Ahkam al-Qur’an (Vol. 4). Dar al-Kutub al-Misriyyah.
al-Bukhari. (2012). Șaḩîḩ al-Bukhari (Vol.8). Dar at-Taufiq.
Amri, M. S. (2020). Mitsaqan Ghalidza di Era Disrupsi (Studi Perceraian Sebab Media Sosial). Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Dan Penelitian Hukum Islam, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.30659/jua.v3i1.7496
Ar-Ramli, I. S. (1992). Nihâyah al Muhtâj Ila Syarh al-Minhâj (Vol. 6). Dâr al-Ihyâal Târîkh al’Arabi.
As-Syarqâwi, A.-S. A. bin H. bin I. A.-S. (1996). Hâsyiyah as-Syarqâwî ‘alâ Tuhfah at-Tullâb bi Syarhi Tahrîr Tanqîh al-Lubâb. Dar al-Fikr.
Astuti, D. P. J. (2020). Semiotika Pantun Minang pada Masyarakat Minangkabau Kota Bengkulu. Disastra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 2(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.29300/disastra.v2i1.2708
Asy-Syarbini, S. M. bin M. (2008). Al-Iqnâ fî Hilli Alfâẓ Abî Syuja’. Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Augustine, A., Mathew, A., Saji, A., Jose, E., & George, A. (2020). Glide a Communication Aid for Deafmute. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 5(5). https://ijisrt.com/glide-a-communication-aid-for-deafmute
Badhe, P. C., & Kulkarni, V. (2015). Indian Sign Language Translator Using Gesture Recognition Algorithm. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Graphics, Vision and Information Security (CGVIS), 195–200. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGVIS.2015.7449921
Budiman, K. (2011). Semiotika Visual: Konsep, Isu, dan Problem Ikonisitas. Jalasutra. https://openlibrary.telkomuniversity.ac.id/pustaka/15037/semiotika-visual-konsep-isu-dan-problem-ikonisitas.html
Chataika, T., Mckenzie, J. A., Swart, E., & Lyner-Cleophas, M. (2012). Access to education in Africa: Responding to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Disability & Society, 27(3), 385–398. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2012.654989
Christomy, T. (2008). Signs of the Wali: Narratives at the Sacred Sites in Pamijahan, West Java. ANU Press.
Cullum-Swan, B., & Manning, P. K. (1994). Narrative, Content, and Semiotic Analysis. In Handbook of Qualitative Research (pp. 463–477). SAGE Publications. http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0658/93036736-t.html
detikNews. (2013, June 23). Tersangka dan Korban Pencabulan Ucapkan Ijab Qabul dengan Anggukan Kepala [Berita]. detiknews. https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-2273397/tersangka-dan-korban-pencabulan-ucapkan-ijab-qabul-dengan-anggukan-kepala
Ghazaly, R. (2019). Fiqh Munakahat. Prenada Media.
Gumelar, G., Hafiar, H., & Subekti, P. (2018). Konstruksi Makna Bisindo sebagai Budaya Tuli bagi Anggota Gerkatin. Informasi, 48(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v48i1.17727
Gunawan, W., Wirza, Y., & Holik, N. A. (2020). Textual Construction of the Hearing-Impaired Students’ Recount Texts: A Case of Students with Special Needs in Writing to Mean. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 10(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v10i2.28603
Hadi, A., Asrori, A., & Rusman, R. (2021). Penelitian Kualitatif Studi Fenomenologi, Case Study, Grounded Theory, Etnografi, Biografi. Pena Persada. http://books.uinsby.ac.id/id/eprint/167
Hanapi, A., & Yuhermansyah, E. (2020). Urgency of Marriage Registration for Women and Child Protection in Gayo Lues District. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v4i2.7942
Huda, N. (2019). Aplikasi Bahasa Isyarat Pengenalan Huruf Hijaiyah bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Tuna Rungu. Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi Dan Komputer), 8(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.32736/sisfokom.v8i1.582
Ibn Nujaim, as-S. Z. bin I. bin M. bin B. (2013). Al-Ahwâl asy-Syakhṣiyyah fî asy-Syarî`ah al-Islâmiyyah Ma`a al-Isyârah Ilâ Muqâbalihâ Fî asy-Syarâ`i al-Kubrâ. Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah.
Imam Nawawi. (2010). Al Majmu’ Syarah al Muhadzab (Vols. 1–17). Dar El Hadith.
Istiqomah, N. (2017). Aplikasi Semiotika Naratif A. J. Greimas Terhadap Kisah Thalut dalam Al-Qur’an. QOF, 1(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.30762/qof.v1i2.919
Kaelan. (2009). Filsafat Bahasa, Semiotika dan Hermeneutika. Paradigma.
Khalâf, A. W. (2016). Ahkâm al-Ahwâl as-Syakhṣiyyah al-Isâmiyyah‘alâ Wifqi Mażhab Abî Hanifah wa Mâ ‘Alaihi al-‘Amalu bî al-Mahâkim. Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah.
Kisch, S. (2008). “Deaf Discourse”: The Social Construction of Deafness in a Bedouin Community. Medical Anthropology, 27(3), 283–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740802222807
KUA Pasar Minggu. (2009, April 18). Ijab Qobul Bahasa Inggris [Lembaga]. Ijab Qobul Bahasa Inggris | KUA Kec. Pasar Minggu. http://kuapasarminggu.blogspot.com/2009/04/ijab-qobul-bahasa-inggris.html
Kurniyawan, A. (2019). Sighat Ijab dan Kabul Pernikahan Tunawicara di KUA Kecamatan Tembelang Kabupaten Jombang (Studi Pemikiran Ahmad Zahro) [Other, Universitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul ’Ulum]. http://eprints.unipdu.ac.id/1560/
Maclay, H., & Newman S. (2017). Two variables affecting the message in communication. Decisions, Values, and Groups, 1, 218–228.
Mahmudah, R. (2017). Tawkil Ijab Qabul Calon Pengantin Laki-Laki Tunawicara Perspektif Hukum Islam: Studi kasus di Dusun Pohgurih Desa Sumolawang Kecamatan Puri Kabupaten Mojokerto [Skripsi, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya]. https://onesearch.id/Record/IOS2718.18892?widget=1
Mamun, A., & Alamgir, Mr. F. M. (2017). Flex Sensor Based Hand Glove for Deaf and Mute People. International Journal of Computer Networks and Communications Security, 5(2), 38–48.
McClave, E. Z. (2000). Linguistic Functions of Head Movements in the Context of Speech. Journal of Pragmatics, 32(7), 855–878. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00079-X
Metro-Roland, M. (2009). Interpreting Meaning: An Application of Peircean Semiotics to Tourism. Tourism Geographies, 11(2), 270–279. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616680902827225
Muhyi ad-Din, A. H. N. (2013). Al-Ahwâl asy-Syakhṣiyyah fî asy-Syarî`ah al-Islâmiyyah Ma`a al-Isyârah Ilâ Muqâbalihâ Fî asy-Syarâ`i al-Kubrâ. Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah.
Mulyana, D. (2003). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif: Paradigma Baru Ilmu Komunikasi dan Ilmu Sosial Lainnya. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nengah, M. I. (2020). Makna Bahasa Tubuh: Suatu Kajian Lintas Budaya 1945-1950. KULTURISTIK: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Budaya, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.22225/kulturistik.4.2.1885
Noor, M., & Zein, M. (2019). Nikah Wakil dalam Perspektif Hukum Negara dan Hukum Islam. Jurnal Humaniora Teknologi, 5(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.34128/jht.v5i2.64
Nugroho, S. (2014). Analisis Pendapat Imam Malik tentang Mahar Sebagai Rukun Nikah [Skripsi, IAIN Walisongo]. http://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/id/eprint/3744/
Nursyamsi, F., Arifianti, E. D., Aziz, M. F., Bilqish, P., & Marutama, A. (2015). Kerangka Hukum Disabilitas di Indonesia: Menuju Indonesia Ramah Disabilitas. Indonesian Center for Law and Policy Studies. https://www.neliti.com/publications/45395/
Osugi, T., & Kawahara, J. I. (2018). Effects of Head Nodding and Shaking Motions on Perceptions of Likeability and Approachability. Perception, 47(1), 16–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/0301006617733209
Peirce, C. S. (Ed.). (1991). Peirce on Signs: Writings on Semiotic by Charles Sanders Peirce (New edition). The University of North Carolina Press.
Pietarinen, A.-V. (Ed.). (2006). Peirce’s Theory of Communication and Its Contemporary Relevance. In Signs of logic: Peircean themes on the philosophy of language, games, and communication (pp. 421–440). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3729-5_13
Pranowo, N. F. N., & Yanti, N. T. A. (2019). Wujud dan Makna Pragmatik Bahasa Nonverbal dalam Komunikasi Masyarakat Jawa: Kajian Etnopragmatik. Linguistik Indonesia, 37(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.26499/li.v37i2.111
Rashid, S. M. M., Yasin, M. H. M., & Ashaari, N. S. @. (2017). Penggunaan Bahasa Isyarat Malaysia (BIM) di dalam Terjemahan Maksud Surah Al-Fatihah (The Use of Malaysia Sign Language in Al-Fatiha Translation). GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies, 17(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2017-1704-14
Sabiq, A.-S. (2009). Fiqh As-Sunnah. Al-Fath li al-’Ilm al-Arabi.
Safi’i, Moh. I. (2020). Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Praktik Akad Nikah bagi Mempelai Tunawicara [Skripsi, IAIN Ponorogo]. http://etheses.iainponorogo.ac.id/10940/
Saputra, H. A. (2015, May 22). Jangan Sembarangan Menggelengkan Kepala di Negara Ini [Berita]. okezone tv: oketravel. https://travel.okezone.com/read/2015/05/22/406/1153560/jangan-sembarangan-menggelengkan-kepala-di-negara-ini
Sayyad, M. A. (2018). Urgensi Pencatatan Nikah sebagai Rukun Nikah (Studi Kritis Pemikiran Siti Musdah Mulia dan Khoiruddin Nasution). El-Mashlahah, 8(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mas.v8i1.1097
Shihab, M. Q. (1996). Wawasan Al-Quran: Tafsir Tematik atas Pelbagai Persoalan Umat. Mizan Pustaka.
Sobur, A. (2002). Bercengkerama dengan Semiotika. Mediator: Jurnal Komunikasi, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.29313/mediator.v3i1.746
Suharjito, Anderson, R., Wiryana, F., Ariesta, M. C., & Kusuma, G. P. (2017). Sign Language Recognition Application Systems for Deaf-Mute People: A Review Based on Input-Process-Output. Procedia Computer Science, 116, 441–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.10.028
Sukarwo, W. (2019). Semiotika Visual: Penelusuran Konsep dan Problematika Operasionalnya. Jurnal Desain, 1(01), Article 01. https://doi.org/10.30998/jurnaldesain.v1i01.686
Syahnan, M., Ja’far, Nasution, S., Fithriani, R., Qarni, W., Harahap, I., & Mukhsin, A. (2019). Language and Law: The Significance of Language Competence in Islamic Legal Theory. KnE Social Sciences, 437–445. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i19.4876
Wahyuninto, L. (2018). Konsep Adil Poligami dalam Pandangan M. Quraish Shihab dan Siti Musdah Mulia. Qiyas: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Peradilan, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.29300/qys.v3i1.962
Williams, C. (2004). Emergent Literacy of Deaf Children. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 9(4), 352–365. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enh045
Yunanda, A. B., Mandita, F., & Armin, A. P. (2020). Pengenalan Bahasa Isyarat Indonesia (BISINDO) Untuk Karakter Huruf Dengan Menggunakan Microsoft Kinect | Fountain of Informatics Journal. Fountain of Informatics Journal, 3(2), 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/fij.v3i2.2469