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Islamic Child Parenting Practices and Muslim Family Resilience in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Literature Review
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Abstract
Purpose – This study explores the integration of Islamic values in child parenting practices and its impact on family resilience within Muslim families in Southeast Asia. The necessity of this research arises from the increasing interest in how religious teachings influence family dynamics and child development, providing a unique perspective on parenting in diverse cultural contexts.
Design/methods/approach – A systematic literature review methodology adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Emerald, PubMed, Taylor & Francis, Springer, and Semantic Scholar were searched using specific keywords related to Islamic parenting and family resilience in Southeast Asia. The study included peer-reviewed empirical research published between 2000 and 2024. From the results of the article selection, 39 articles were narrowed down and analysed to reveal various critical aspects of the research theme. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify, analyse, and report themes within the data.
Findings – The review identified that integrating Islamic values into parenting practices significantly enhances family resilience, promotes interfaith tolerance, and supports children's moral development. Key themes included the implementation of wasatiyyah (moderation), character education based on Islamic teachings, and the role of community and cultural integration in parenting. However, challenges such as balancing cultural influences and addressing special needs within the context of Islamic parenting were also highlighted.
Research implications/limitations – The study's limitations include the diverse cultural backgrounds of the families studied and the reliance on existing literature, which may affect the generalizability of the findings. Future research should consider longitudinal studies and examine the role of community support, religious institutions, and modern technology in parenting.
Practical implications – This study provides valuable insights into the role of Islamic values in enhancing family resilience among Muslim families in Southeast Asia. It highlights the importance of religious teachings in shaping parenting practices and offers recommendations for future research and practical applications.
Originality/value – This is your opportunity to provide readers with an analysis of the value of your results. It is a good idea to ask colleagues whether your analysis is balanced and fair, and again, it is essential not to exaggerate. You can also conjecture what future research steps could be.
Paper type Literature review
Keywords:
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1. Introduction
Child parenting practices are pivotal in nurturing resilient families, especially in the dynamic socio-economic landscape of Southeast Asia. Exploring these practices through the lens of Islamic values is particularly insightful, given the significant Muslim population in the region. The fusion of Islamic child-rearing shapes family dynamics and fortifies societal stability and cohesion(Musyafa Fathoni et al., 2024). With global challenges like economic uncertainty and social disruptions rising, fostering family resilience through culturally and religiously informed practices is becoming increasingly crucial(Kustati et al., 2024). This study systematically reviews the literature highlighting how Islamic child parenting practices enhance family resilience among Southeast Asian Muslims.
Previous research has extensively documented the critical role of religion in shaping family practices and resilience. Studies reveal that a deep understanding of religious teachings combined with adaptive family structures significantly boosts economic and social resilience within families(Gumiandari et al., 2024). Islamic boarding schools have also successfully integrated character-building programs to counter negative behaviours such as bullying(Arif et al., 2024). These findings underscore the importance of embedding religious and cultural values in parenting to promote positive outcomes in children and adolescents.
The impact of globalization on family values and parenting practices in the Arab world has significantly transformed traditional family systems. Studies highlight both positive and negative effects of globalization on values, beliefs, and gender roles within families, driving changes in education, economy, entertainment, marriage, and child-rearing. This shift has led to an increase in single-parent households, interracial and cross-national families, and more complex family structures. Moreover, social media has eroded moral and traditional values in Arab families, even as improved access to education, technology, and economic opportunities has bolstered family resilience(Gharaibeh & Islam, 2024). Additionally, the role of online community support in addressing family stressors, such as infertility, underscores the importance of community engagement and support networks(Pearce et al., 2024). These findings emphasize the dynamic nature of family resilience and the need for adaptive parenting practices to navigate contemporary challenges while preserving traditional values.
The unique context of Southeast Asia presents specific challenges and opportunities for Muslim families. Research in Malaysia and Indonesia indicates a shift from traditional authoritarian parenting styles to more democratic approaches, positively influencing children's social and emotional development(Musyafa Fathoni et al., 2024). Islamic teachings also promote gender equality in parenting responsibilities, fostering a balanced and equitable family environment(Pitrotussaadah et al., 2023). These regional studies provide a valuable understanding of how Islamic values are being integrated into modern parenting practices.
The unique context of Southeast Asia presents challenges and opportunities for Muslim families, with a shift from authoritarian to democratic parenting, especially in Malaysia and Indonesia. Rooted in Islamic teachings on gender equality, this transition enhances children's social and emotional development(Mu et al., 2024)(Pitrotussaadah et al., 2023). Democratic parenting, characterized by emotional support and communication, improves children's well-being. In Vietnam, parental warmth boosts emotional intelligence and reduces mental health risks(La et al., 2020)(Nguyen et al., 2020). In Thailand, democratic parenting supported by strong family ties benefits preschoolers(Thongphet et al., 2015). In the Philippines, authoritative mothers lower adolescent drug use, while permissive parenting is common in rural areas(Hock et al., 2016)(Lanzarrote et al., 2013). These practices align with Sustainable Development Goals by promoting resilience and equitable education.
The resilience of Muslim families in Southeast Asia is also shaped by their ability to navigate and adapt to socio-economic pressures. Studies highlight the significant role of religious and cultural values in supporting family resilience during economic hardships and social disruptions, such as those experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic(Kustati et al., 2024)(Syamsuddin et al., 2024). Furthermore, the importance of paternal involvement and the positive outcomes associated with fatherhood programs have been well-documented, showcasing the broader implications of inclusive parenting practices(Hamjah et al., 2018). These findings offer a deeper insight into the resilience mechanisms within Muslim families.
However, despite the extensive research on Islamic child parenting practices and family resilience, there are still notable gaps and limitations. Many studies lack a comprehensive regional focus, limiting the applicability of findings across different Southeast Asian countries. There is also a scarcity of research addressing the intersection of religious teachings and modern socio-economic challenges in parenting practices. Additionally, controversies persist regarding the effectiveness of specific religiously informed parenting strategies in diverse contemporary settings. This study aims to fill these gaps by providing a systematic review synthesising findings from various Southeast Asian contexts. It offers a holistic understanding of Islamic child parenting practices and their role in fostering family resilience.
This systematic literature review aims to critically examine the integration of Islamic values in child parenting practices within Muslim families in Southeast Asia and their impact on family resilience. By synthesising findings from multiple studies, this research seeks to identify effective strategies and practices that can be adopted to enhance family resilience in the face of modern challenges. The study's potential contributions include providing a nuanced understanding of culturally and religiously informed parenting practices, informing policy and program development, and offering insights for practitioners working with Muslim families in diverse socio-economic contexts. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on family resilience and the pivotal role of religion and culture in shaping resilient family units.
2. Methods
This study employed a systematic literature review methodology following the PRISMA (Preferred
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