The Genealogy of Hadith Criticism Methods in Western Hadith Scholarship
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The historicity of hadith is one of the topics that has emerged in debates over hadith criticism methods within Western hadith scholarship. The problem is that the methods of hadith criticism developed by Western revisionist hadith scholars (which are based on the written tradition) tend to marginalize sources of hadith historicity that are grounded in the oral tradition. Consequently, Western revisionist hadith scholarship ends up providing an unbalanced justification and generalization of hadith historiography. Therefore, based on this issue, this article employs a genealogical approach and Michel Foucault’s theory of the power relations of knowledge to trace, examine, and evaluate the methods of hadith criticism that have emerged within Western hadith scholarship. The findings of this research are as follows: first, the methods of hadith criticism developed by Western revisionist scholarship are built upon the foundation of a Eurocentric paradigm that dominates and exerts hegemony over the history of hadith. This paradigm rests on the centrality of the perspective regarding the validity of written traditions. Second, the methods of hadith criticism developed by the revisionist group are ultimately rooted in a network of knowledge power. This network of power is interconnected and ultimately exerts hegemony over the discourse.
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