Adaptive Strategies of Pesantren in Java During COVID-19: Insights into Educational Resilience and Crisis Management
Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose – This study investigates the adaptive strategies employed by pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Java, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to understand how these institutions maintained educational standards amidst the crisis, providing insights that could benefit similar educational systems worldwide.
Design/methods/approach – A qualitative multi-case study design was used, focusing on three pesantren: Pesantren Ibnul Qoyyim Yogyakarta, Pesantren Zhilalul Qur'an Jepara, and Pesantren Putri Al-Mawaddah Ponorogo. Data collection methods included direct observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Participants included heads, administrators, and teachers from each pesantren. Data were analyzed using interactive techniques involving open coding, axial coding, and comparative analysis to identify key themes.
Findings – The study revealed distinct adaptive strategies across the pesantren: 1) Pesantren Ibnul Qoyyim adopted remote learning via Zoom and implemented stringent health protocols upon students' gradual return. 2) Pesantren Zhilalul Qur'an focused on online Quran memorization and established a dedicated clinic for health monitoring. 3) Pesantren Putri Al-Mawaddah limited external interactions and used a rotating teacher system to maintain educational delivery.
Research implications – The findings highlight the resilience and adaptability of pesantren in crises, offering a model for other educational institutions. The study underscores the importance of innovation, flexibility, and cross-sector collaboration in managing educational continuity during global crises. These insights can inform policymakers and educational stakeholders in developing robust crisis management strategies.
Downloads
Article Details
References
Ariatin, A., Dhewanto, W., Sudrajad, O. Y., Rustiadi, S., & Wasesa, M. (2023). Business Survival Strategy during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Kopontren. Grey Journal, 19(1), 57–73.
Assa’idi, S. (2021). The growth of pesantren in Indonesia as the Islamic venue and social class status of santri. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 2021(93), 425–440. https://doi.org/10.14689/EJER.2021.93.21
Beaunoyer, E., Dupéré, S., & Guitton, M. J. (2020). COVID-19 and digital inequalities: Reciprocal impacts and mitigation strategies. Computers in Human Behavior, 111, 106424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106424
Cahyadi, A., Hendryadi, Widyastuti, S., Mufidah, V. N., & Achmadi. (2021). Emergency remote teaching evaluation of the higher education in Indonesia. Heliyon, 7(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07788
Castro-Kemp, S., & Samuels, A. (2022). Working together: A review of cross-sector collaborative practices in provision for children with special educational needs and disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 120, 104127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104127
Cresswell, J. W. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches (Vol. 20, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1080/14675980902922143
Fathurrochman, I. (2021). Online evaluation system in the pandemic disruption in Madrasah: Opportunities and challenges based on qualitative report. Jurnal Iqra’: Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(2), 184–197.
Giatman, M., Siswati, S., & Basri, I. Y. (2020). Online Learning Quality Control in the Pandemic Covid-19 Era in Indonesia. Journal of Nonformal Education, 6(2), 168–175.
Hanafi, Y., Taufiq, A., Saefi, M., Ikhsan, M. A., Diyana, T. N., Thoriquttyas, T., & Anam, F. K. (2021). The new identity of Indonesian Islamic boarding schools in the “new normal”: The education leadership response to COVID-19. Heliyon, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06549
Hidayah, N. A., Utami, M. C., & Zukri, P. A. (2022). Analysis of the Use of Information Technology in Distance Learning During a Pandemic Using the IS Success Model in Islamic Boarding School. 2022 10th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management, CITSM 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/CITSM56380.2022.9935900
Ismail, N. A., Adnan, M. F., & Fidianingsih, I. (2023). Psychological Status among the Young Muslim Community in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 Pandemic. IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 22(3), 80–87. https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i3.2296
Kemdikbud. (2020). Panduan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh. Kementrian Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan.
Makaginsar, C., Damayanti, M. M., Yuniarti, & Irasanti, S. N. (2023). Relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and behaviours to prevent COVID-19 among students of Manarul Huda Islamic Boarding School. Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 37–46. https://doi.org/10.20885/JKKI.Vol14.Iss1.art7
Makmur, M., Baso, Y. S., Amin, M. A., Machmoed, H., Yunus, N., & Said, I. (2024). Revolutionizing Foreign Language Pedagogy in Islamic Boarding Schools Through Online Platforms: A Post-Pandemic Perspective. International Journal of Religion, 5(2), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.61707/m2h6fy53
McCartney, G., Ung, C., & Pinto, J. (2022). Living with COVID-19 and Sustaining a Tourism Recovery—Adopting a Front-Line Collaborative Response between the Tourism Industry and Community Pharmacists. Tourism and Hospitality, 3(1), 47–68. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp3010004
Mishra, L., Gupta, T., & Shree, A. (2020). Online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1, 100012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012
Mubin, M. N., Fauzi, M. S., Al Hadisi, A. S., Bayhaqi, A., & Rosyada, M. F. (2022). Implementation and Problematic of Blended Learning in Fiqh Learning: A Combination of Synchronous and Asynchronous in Online Learning. Jurnal Iqra’: Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(1), 259–274.
Ngabiyanto, Nurkhin, A., Widiyanto, Saputro, I. H., & Kholid, A. M. (2021). Teacher’s intention to use online learning; an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) investigation. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1783). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1783/1/012123
Roqib, M. (2021). Increasing social class through islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 12(2), 305–329.
Salam, A. Y., Hartono, D., Yunita, R., Addiarto, W., Prasetyanto, D., & Susanto, H. (2023). Knowledge, Attitude, Perception and Preventive Behaviour Towards Covid-19: A Study Among Santri In Indonesian Islamic Boarding School. In T.A., S.H., W.I.C., N.H., A.M., C.C.-R., E.G., L.S.R., D.M., M.N., N.C.S., M.N.A.N.N., S.null, C.Y.-H., Z.S., A.null, W.I., & H.A.Y. (Eds.), AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2634). American Institute of Physics Inc. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0113117
Salim, A., Dillah, I. U., & Susilowati, I. T. (2021). Islamic Boarding School Response to the Impact of COVID-19 in Maintaining the Pesantren Values. International Journal of Islamic Educational Psychology, 2(2), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.18196/ijiep.v2i2.12731
Sarnoto, A. Z., Mansur, A., Rahmawati, S. T., & Hikmah, N. (2022). Pros and Cons of Islamic Boarding School Strategy Responding to Changes in Crisis Management Perspective in the midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Review of International Geographical Education, 12(1), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.48047/rigeo.12.01.8
Sulistiyani, E., Dwisapta, M. R., Rahmadhani, I. P., & Herlambang, Z. S. (2023). Optimizing the use of smartphones to success study from home during pandemic Covid-19 era. In S.A., U.R., S.M., & P.F.G. (Eds.), AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2595). American Institute of Physics Inc. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0129739
Suyadi, S., Burhani, A. N., Kholis, N., & Huda, M. (2021). Disaster Reparedness Mosque: Covid-19 Mitigation with Medical and Theological Approaches from Neuroscience Perspective of Islamic Education. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3973777
Syarif, M., & Moenada, M. S. (2020). Boarding School (Pesantren) Education During Covid-19 Pandemic at Dar El Hikmah Pekanbaru Indonesia. Khalifa: Journal of Islamic Education, 4(2), 161. https://doi.org/10.24036/kjie.v4i2.54
Turnbull, D., Chugh, R., & Luck, J. (2021). Transitioning to E-Learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: How have Higher Education Institutions responded to the challenge? Education and Information Technologies, 26(5), 6401–6419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10633-w
Watermeyer, R., Crick, T., Knight, C., & Goodall, J. (2021). COVID-19 and digital disruption in UK universities: Afflictions and affordances of emergency online migration. Higher Education, 81(3), 623–641. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00561-y