Harmonisasi Maqāṣid al-Syariah dengan CEDAW: Pendekatan Dekonstruktif Abdullah Ahmed An-Naʾim dalam Reformasi Hukum Islam Berbasis Hak Asasi Perempuan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14421/0zvq5x03Keywords:
Sya'riah, CEDAW, Maqāṣid, Legal Reform, Women's Right, Reformasi Hukum, Hak-Hak PerempuanAbstract
There remains significant tension between traditional Sharīʿah principles and international human rights standards, particularly regarding gender equality as enshrined in CEDAW. This phenomenon has become a critical issue in many Muslim-majority countries, where Sharīʿah-based family laws often impede the realization of gender justice. This study aims to examine Abdullah Ahmed An-Naʾīm’s deconstructive approach to Sharīʿah and his efforts to harmonize it with international public law. Employing a qualitative methodology grounded in a systematic literature review and legal discourse analysis, the research finds that a reinterpretation of the maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah together with functional secularism enables the renewal of Islamic law in accordance with CEDAW. These findings suggest that reforms rooted in Islamic values can bolster social legitimacy for global norms. The principal contribution of this study is the proposal of a synthetic paradigm that bridges Islamic tradition and human rights within a modern, contextualized legal framework.
Masih ada ketegangan yang signifikan antara prinsip-prinsip Syariah tradisional dan standar internasional tentang hak asasi manusia, terutama dalam konteks kesetaraan gender sebagaimana ditetapkan dalam CEDAW. Fenomena ini menjadi isu kritis di banyak negara Muslim, di mana hukum keluarga berbasis Syariah sering menjadi penghalang bagi penerapan prinsip-prinsip keadilan gender. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pendekatan dekonstruktif Abdullah Ahmed An-Naʾim terhadap Syariah dan upaya harmonisasinya dengan hukum publik internasional. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berdasarkan studi literatur sistematis dan analisis wacana hukum, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penafsiran ulang maqāṣid al-syarīʿah serta sekularisme fungsional memungkinkan pembaharuan hukum Islam sejalan dengan CEDAW. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa reformasi berdasarkan nilai-nilai Islam dapat memperkuat legitimasi sosial terhadap norma-norma global. Kontribusi utama dari penelitian ini adalah menawarkan paradigma sintetis yang menjembatani tradisi Islam dengan hak asasi manusia dalam kerangka hukum yang modern dan kontekstual.
Downloads
References
Reference
. Sutrisno, Dan Agus Widarjono. “Maqasid Sharia Index, Banking Risk And Performance Cases In Indonesian Islamic Banks.” Asian Economic And Financial Review 8, No. 9 (2018): 1175–84. Https://Doi.Org/10.18488/Journal.Aefr.2018.89.1175.1184.
A Rellang, Kamilah Kamilah, Dan Nazaruddin Nazaruddin. “Penggunaan Prinsip Hak Asasi Manusia Untuk Menyelesaikan Konflik Agama Di Indonesia: Pandangan Hukum Nasional Dan Islam.” Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam 6, No. 1 (30 Maret 2024): 33–44. Https://Doi.Org/10.47435/Al-Ahkam.V6i1.2445.
Abdelgafar, Basma I. “Re-Envisioning Women’s Empowerment: A Maqasid Approach To Understanding Women’s Status And Rights In Islam.” Dalam Women’s Empowerment And Public Policy In The Arab Gulf States, Disunting Oleh Rabia Naguib, 11:55–73. Gulf Studies. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/978-981-99-6006-4_3.
Abror, Robby Habiba. “Paradoks Universalitas Ham Barat Di Muka Cermin Islam Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Dan Ham.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 12, No. 2 (31 Desember 2012): 217. Https://Doi.Org/10.18326/Ijtihad.V12i2.217-235.
Agustina, Arifah Millati. “Contestation Between Fiqh And Culture In Indonesia: The Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah Paradigm In Dangers Of Forced Marriage Against Women.” Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender 18, No. 2 (30 Oktober 2023): 147–68. Https://Doi.Org/10.21580/Sa.V18i2.17280.
Ahmad Muhamad Mustain Nasoha, Adi Sulistiyono, Mudhofir, Ashfiya Nur Atqiya, Dan Ashfiya Nur Atqiya. “Relevance Of Religious Court Decisions On Marriage To National Development Policy Directions: A Legal And Social Analysis.” Evolutionary Studies In Imaginative Culture, 3 Oktober 2024, 1340–47. Https://Doi.Org/10.70082/Esiculture.Vi.1496.
Alhajri, Wafa, Dan Barbara J. Pierce. “Saudi Women’s Attitudes Toward Advocacy For Women’s Rights.” Affilia 38, No. 1 (Februari 2023): 111–26. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/08861099221113878.
Allotey-Reidpath, Kiva Diamond, Pascale Allotey, Dan Daniel D Reidpath. “Nine Months A Slave: When Pregnancy Is Involuntary Servitude To A Foetus.” Reproductive Health Matters 26, No. 52 (Januari 2018): 57–61. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/09688080.2018.1451173.
Arif Sipahutar, Bernad. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Yang Menjadi Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga.” Jurnal Rechten : Riset Hukum Dan Hak Asasi Manusia 4, No. 1 (29 April 2022): 8–12. Https://Doi.Org/10.52005/Rechten.V4i1.70.
Asnawi, Habib Sulthon, Dan Habib Ismail. “Discrimination Against Wife In The Perspective Of Cedaw And Islam Mubādalah.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 20, No. 2 (31 Desember 2020): 253–68. Https://Doi.Org/10.18326/Ijtihad.V20i2.253-268.
Baderin, M.A. “Establishing Areas Of Common Ground Between Islamic Law And International Human Rights.” The International Journal Of Human Rights 5, No. 2 (Juni 2001): 72–113. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/714003711.
Bramantyo, Rizki Yudha, Irham Rahman, Dan Fitri Windradi. “Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia Sebagai State Auxiliary Agencies Pada Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia.” Morality: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 9, No. 1 (19 Juni 2023): 38. Https://Doi.Org/10.52947/Morality.V9i1.355.
Budiman, Arman. “Teologi Islam Dan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Pemikiran Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im.” Rausyan Fikr: Jurnal Ilmu Studi Ushuluddin Dan Filsafat 20, No. 2 (7 September 2024): 191–212. Https://Doi.Org/10.24239/Rsy.V20i2.1685.
Cheema, Zaheer Iqbal, Zarfishan Qaiser, Dan Khushbakht Qaiser. “Qualms About The Cedaw By The Muslim States: Analyzing Women Rights In Pakistan, Saudi Arabia And Iran.” Global Social Sciences Review V, No. Iii (30 September 2020): 166–73. Https://Doi.Org/10.31703/Gssr.2020(V-Iii).18.
Chemotinge Maua, Dr Anna. “Faith-Based Approaches To Community Engagement And Women’s Empowerment In Peace Support Operations.” International Journal Of Research In Education Humanities And Commerce 06, No. 02 (2025): 357–62. Https://Doi.Org/10.37602/Ijrehc.2025.6227.
Comstock, Audrey L. “Signing Cedaw And Women’s Rights: Human Rights Treaty Signature And Legal Mobilization.” Law & Social Inquiry 49, No. 2 (Mei 2024): 1222–55. Https://Doi.Org/10.1017/Lsi.2023.24.
Etikan, Ilker. “Comparison Of Convenience Sampling And Purposive Sampling.” American Journal Of Theoretical And Applied Statistics 5, No. 1 (2016): 1. Https://Doi.Org/10.11648/J.Ajtas.20160501.11.
Fuad, Ahmad Masfuful. “Cedaw And The Rights Of Kinship In Islamic Family Law.” Al-Mawarid 15, No. 2 (14 November 2015): 177–90. Https://Doi.Org/10.20885/Almawarid.Vol15.Iss2.Art9.
Hamzah, Muhammad, Dan Muhammad Salsabila. “Pemberdayaan Perempuan Sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia.” Jurnal Locus Penelitian Dan Pengabdian 3, No. 4 (30 Mei 2024): 343–56. Https://Doi.Org/10.58344/Locus.V3i4.2567.
Hasibuan, Kalijunjung, Adnani Ma, Dan Yana Priyana. “Pemberlakuan Hukum Syariah Dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional: Studi Kasus Tentang Penegakan Hukum Syariah Di Negara Asia.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Ham Wara Sains 2, No. 10 (30 Oktober 2023): 942–51. Https://Doi.Org/10.58812/Jhhws.V2i10.707.
Hattab, Muayad, Dan Mohammad Abualrob. “Under The Veil: Women’s Economic And Marriage Rights In Palestine.” Humanities And Social Sciences Communications 10, No. 1 (17 Maret 2023): 110. Https://Doi.Org/10.1057/S41599-023-01591-4.
Husain, Sahin, Nasir Purkon Ayoub, Dan Mukhammadolim Hassmann. “Legal Pluralism In Contemporary Societies: Dynamics Of Interaction Between Islamic Law And Secular Civil Law.” Syariat: Akhwal Syaksiyah, Jinayah, Siyasah And Muamalah 1, No. 1 (30 April 2024): 1–17. Https://Doi.Org/10.35335/Cfb3wk76.
Izzah, Nur. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Tentang Harta Bersama.” Jurnal Sosial Sains 2, No. 6 (15 Juni 2022): 690–705. Https://Doi.Org/10.36418/Sosains.V2i6.408.
Jaffal, Zeyad, Faisal Shawabkeh, Dan Ali Hadi Al Obeidi. “Toward Constructive Harmonisation Of Islamic Family Law And Cedaw: A Study On The Uae’s Reservation To Cedaw Article 16 And Equal Rights To Marriage And Family Relations.” Australian Journal Of Human Rights 28, No. 1 (2 Januari 2022): 139–62. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/1323238x.2022.2122689.
Khoir, Tholkhatul. “Determinasi Eksistensial Pemikiran Hukum Islam Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na‘Im.” Islamica: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 9, No. 1 (23 September 2015): 110. Https://Doi.Org/10.15642/Islamica.2014.9.1.110-135.
Lingga, Geofani, Dan Shihaf Ismi Salman Najib. “The Female Genital Mutilation Regulations In Indonesia: The International Law, Human Rights, And Islamic Law Perspectives.” Uti Possidetis: Journal Of International Law 6, No. 1 (2 Maret 2025): 123–66. Https://Doi.Org/10.22437/Up.V6i1.40503.
Makhmuri, Muhammad, Dan Mahbub Ainur Rofiq. “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pekerja Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu (Pkwt) Perspektif Ham Dalam Islam Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im.” Muslim Heritage 7, No. 2 (26 Desember 2022): 379–408. Https://Doi.Org/10.21154/Muslimheritage.V7i2.4951.
Mashhour, Amira. “Islamic Law And Gender Equality: Could There Be A Common Ground?: A Study Of Divorce And Polygamy In Sharia Law And Contemporary Legislation In Tunisia And Egypt.” Human Rights Quarterly 27, No. 2 (Mei 2005): 562–96. Https://Doi.Org/10.1353/Hrq.2005.0022.
Merry, Sally Engle. “Constructing A Global Law-Violence Against Women And The Human Rights System.” Law Social Inquiry 28, No. 4 (Oktober 2003): 941–77. Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/J.1747-4469.2003.Tb00828.X.
Mir-Hosseini, Ziba. “Islamic Law And The Question Of Gender Equality.” Dalam Routledge Handbook Of Islamic Law, Disunting Oleh Khaled Abou El Fadl, Ahmad Atif Ahmad, Dan Said Fares Hassan, 1 Ed., 340–54. New York, Ny : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. Https://Doi.Org/10.4324/9781315753881-22.
Muhtar, Mohamad Hidayat, Chami Yassine, Said Amirulkamar, Abdennour Hammadi, Viorizza Suciani Putri, Dan Nuvazria Achir. “Critical Study Of Sharia Regional Regulations On Women’s Emancipation.” International Journal Of Religion 5, No. 2 (16 Januari 2024): 23–26. Https://Doi.Org/10.61707/A7s8vg65.
Naseem, Fozia, Rao Qasim Idrees, Dan Abida Yasin. “Right To Financial Empowerment Of Women: An Analysis Of Sharia.” Global Legal Studies Review Vi, No. Ii (30 Juni 2021): 14–19. Https://Doi.Org/10.31703/Glsr.2021(Vi-Ii).03.
Noor, Zanariah. “Wanita Islam Dan Cedaw: Isu-Isu Berkaitan Dengan Undang-Undang Kekeluargaan Islam Di Malaysia Muslim Women And Cedaw: Issues Related To Islamic Family Law In Malaysia.” Jurnal Syariah 31, No. 1 (1 April 2023): 1–38. Https://Doi.Org/10.22452/Syariah.Vol31no1.1.
Oelerich, Gertrud, Dan Hans-Uwe Otto. Empirische Forschung Und Soziale Arbeit: Ein Studienbuch. Springerlink Bücher. Wiesbaden: Vs Verlag Für Sozialwissenschaften, 2011. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/978-3-531-92708-4.
Peduho, Megadita Sri Utami, Muliadi Nur, Nur Alfiani, Dan Misbahul Munir Makka. “Simbolisme Peran Perempuan Dalam Adat Saro Badaka: Tinjauan Dari Hukum Islam Dan Budaya Lokal.” Spectrum: Journal Of Gender And Children Studies 4, No. 1 (16 Agustus 2024): 1–16. Https://Doi.Org/10.30984/Spectrum.V4i1.1018.
Purnomo, Agus, Umi Sumbulah, Nor Salam, Dan Hikam Hulwanullah. “Characteristics Of Hate Speech And Freedom Of Expression In The Perspective Of Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah.” Juris (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) 22, No. 1 (26 Juni 2023): 171. Https://Doi.Org/10.31958/Juris.V22i1.9446.
———. “Characteristics Of Hate Speech And Freedom Of Expression In The Perspective Of Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah.” Juris (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) 22, No. 1 (26 Juni 2023): 171. Https://Doi.Org/10.31958/Juris.V22i1.9446.
Rahayu, Maharani Mustika, Tri Lisiani Prihatinah, Tri Lisiani Prihatinah, Pramono Suko Legowo, Dan Pramono Suko Legowo. “Perkembangan Perlindungan Hukum Perempuan Terhadap Kekerasan Seksual Di Indonesia.” Soedirman Law Review 5, No. 2 (1 Agustus 2023). Https://Doi.Org/10.20884/1.Slr.2023.5.2.176.
Rahman, Fatima Z. “Gender Equality In Muslim-Majority States And Shari’a Family Law: Is There A Link?” Australian Journal Of Political Science 47, No. 3 (September 2012): 347–62. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/10361146.2012.704006.
Rahmawati, Iskarima. “Analisis Perspektif Maqashid Syari’ah Pada Permohonan Penetapan Nomor 30/Pdt.P/2022/Pa.Yk Tentang Perwalian Anak Terhadap Hilangnya Kekuasaan Orang Tua.” Jurnal Restorasi Hukum 6, No. 1 (30 Juni 2023): 66–88. Https://Doi.Org/10.14421/Jrh.V6i1.3000.
Rashid, Sabina Faiz. “Human Rights And Reproductive Health: Political Realities And Pragmatic Choices For Married Adolescent Women Living In Urban Slums, Bangladesh.” Bmc International Health And Human Rights 11, No. S3 (Desember 2011): S3. Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/1472-698x-11-S3-S3.
Shaleh, Ali Ismail, Dwika Ananda Agustina Pertiwi, Dan Fitriatus Shalihah. “Kendala Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Pekerja Perempuan: Tinjauan Convention On The Elimination Of All Forms Of Discrimination Againts Women (Cedaw).” Ad-Dariyah: Jurnal Dialektika, Sosial Dan Budaya 3, No. 2 (1 Januari 2023): 48–56. Https://Doi.Org/10.55623/Ad.V3i2.133.
Shinohara, Chika. “Global Pressure, Local Results: The Impact Of Cedaw On Working Women In Japan.” Journal Of Workplace Rights 13, No. 4 (1 Januari 2008): 449–71. Https://Doi.Org/10.2190/Wr.13.4.F.
Šimonović, Dubravka. “Global And Regional Standards On Violence Against Women: The Evolution And Synergy Of The Cedaw And Istanbul Conventions.” Human Rights Quarterly 36, No. 3 (Agustus 2014): 590–606. Https://Doi.Org/10.1353/Hrq.2014.0040.
Sukadi, Imam, Dan Mila Rahayu Ningsih. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga.” Egalita 16, No. 1 (7 Juni 2021). Https://Doi.Org/10.18860/Egalita.V16i1.12125.
Tahir, Tarmizi, Dan Syeikh Hasan Abdel Hamid. “Maqasid Al-Syari’ah Transformation In Law Implementation For Humanity.” International Journal Ihya’ ’Ulum Al-Din 26, No. 1 (20 Juni 2024): 119–31. Https://Doi.Org/10.21580/Ihya.26.1.20248.
Tait, Christopher A., Ifrah Abdillahi, Wendy Wong, Heather Smith-Cannoy, Dan Arjumand Siddiqi. “Can The Health Effects Of Widely-Held Societal Norms Be Evaluated? An Analysis Of The United Nations Convention On The Elimination Of All Forms Of Discrimination Against Women (Un-Cedaw).” Bmc Public Health 19, No. 1 (Desember 2019): 279. Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S12889-019-6607-6.
Tarantang, Jefry, Dan Jefry Tarantang. “Teori Dan Aplikasi Pemikiran Kontemporer Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Keluarga Islam.” Transformatif 2, No. 1 (20 September 2018): 315. Https://Doi.Org/10.23971/Tf.V2i1.882.
Taufiq, Ahmad. “Pemikiran Abdullah Ahmed An-Naim Tentang Dekontruksi Syari’ah Sebagai Sebuah Solusi.” International Journal Ihya’ ’Ulum Al-Din 20, No. 2 (2 Oktober 2018): 145–66. Https://Doi.Org/10.21580/Ihya.20.2.4044.
Zada, Khamami. “Human Rights And Siyasah Syar’iyyah: Review Of The Medina Charter And The Cairo Declaration.” Salam: Jurnal Sosial Dan Budaya Syar-I 10, No. 2 (28 April 2023): 445–56. Https://Doi.Org/10.15408/Sjsbs.V10i2.32055.
Zaprulkhan, Zaprulkhan. “Maqāṣid Al-Shariah In The Contemporary Islamic Legal Discourse: Perspective Of Jasser Auda.” Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 26, No. 2 (3 Desember 2018): 445. Https://Doi.Org/10.21580/Ws.26.2.3231.
Zulhilmi, Arif. “Demokrasi Dan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Pandangan Islam.” Jurnal Darma Agung 30, No. 2 (6 Agustus 2022): 254. Https://Doi.Org/10.46930/Ojsuda.V30i2.1670.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ramadiansyah Monsca, Mohammad Nor Ichwan, Najahan Musyafak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication, i.e. this journal.
- Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details, and publisher are identified.
